332 MINNESOTA BOTANICAL STUDIES. 



quite inferior to the true species from which they have come. 

 A. ccsrulea, A. glandiilosa, and A. vulgaris are apt to flower 

 only two or three years from the same plant and should be 

 treated as biennials ; but A. vulgaris may be kept active for a 

 longer period by transplanting. 



The latest extended accounts of species in this group are by 

 J. G. Baker, in Gardener's Chronicle, 1878 ; and B. L. Robin- 

 son, in Gray's Synoptical Flora, i : 42-45, 1895. 



In presenting this and the accompanying paper, I desire to 

 extend thanks to all who have so kindly aided me in my studies 

 of Ranunculaceous genera ; particularly I am under obligations 

 to Professor L. H. Bailey for many valuable suggestions at 

 times of greatest nee(^ and for placing about me the largest col- 

 lection of colored plant portraits and the largest garden her- 

 barium in America, and to Professor W. W. Rowlee for placing 

 at my disposal not only the entire collection of herbarium speci- 

 mens in the department of botany of Cornell University, but also 

 numerous living roots and plants from which to better study 

 vegetative characters. 



Key TO Species of Aquilegia. 



A. Sepals not more than ^ or ^ inch long; expanded flower i or 

 ij^ inches in diameter. 

 B. Limb of petal shorter than the sepal. 



C. Stem-leaves present; stem i^-to 2j^ feet high. 



D. Spur straight, not knobbed lactijlora. 



DD. Spur knobbed, bent inward.. oxysepala. 



CC. Stem-leaves wanting; stem reduced to a short scape. 



Jones a. 

 BB. Limb of petal about equal to the sepal. 



C. Leafless or nearly so ; stem scapiform elegaiitiila. 



CC. Leaves two or more on a stem. 



D. Plant low, slender (commonly 6-S inches) ; spurs 

 incurved. 

 E. Leaves, stems and follicles pubescent. 



brevistyla. 

 EE. Leaves, stems and follicles smooth. 



saximontana. 

 DD. Plant one foot high or more ; spurs nearly straight. 

 E. Stamens protruding beyond the petal-limbs. 



F. Spurs somewhat knobbed Canadefisis. 



FF. Spurs not knobbed viridijiora. 



