82 THE PLANT LIFE OF MARYLAND 



THE STRAND. 



The Strand, Beaches and Dimes of the Atlantic Ocean and the 

 lower Chesapeake Bay hear a scanty flora, the members of which are 

 xerophytes but not halophytes, as shown by Kearney"" and as con- 

 firmed by the occurrence of several of them on the Strand of the 

 Great Lakes. 



The plants which are confined to tlie Strand in Maryland are the 

 following : 



Ammophila arenaiia 



New Brunswick to Virginia; Great Lakes. 



Cyperus grayi 



Massachusetts to Florida. 



Carex silicea 



Nova Scotia to Maryland. 



Ammodenia peploides 



Arctic Regions to Maryland; Europe; Asia. 



Calcile edentula 



Newfoundland to Florida; Great Lakes; Minnesota; California. 



Euphorbia polygovifolia 



Rhode Island to Florida; Great Lakes. 



Hudsonia tomentosa 



New Brunswick to Maryland; Great Lakes; Minnesota; Slave Lake. 



Oenothera humifusa 

 New Jersey to Florida. 



THE SALT MARSHES. 



The xerophilous plants of the Strand merge, as a class, into the 

 halophytes, and these in turn into the class of fresh marsh plants. 

 The degree of saltness of soil water which halophytic plants are 

 capable of enduring varies from species to species, so that while we 

 find Balicornia herbacea and Spartina stricta var. maritima in pro- 

 nouncedly salt marshes only, such forms as Scirpus olneyi,, Lythrum 

 alatum and Potamogeton crispus are found only in brackisli or even 



♦Kearney, Thos. H. Are plants of Sea-Beaches and Dunes True Halo- 

 phytes. Botanical Gazette, Vol. XXXVII, 1904, pp. 424-436. 



