MARYLAND WEATHEE SEKVK I 111 



about seventy-five years old and 80 feel high, the grove displaying 

 a physiognomy which was undoubtedly much nearer that of the 

 virgin forests of the Clay Upland than any other stand seen. There 

 were no deciduous trees of the same height as the pines, but there 

 were enough from 40 to (><> feet high to form a nearly continuous 

 canopy of deciduous foliage beneath that of the pines. The Span- 

 ish, White and Black Oaks made up about 70% of the deciduous 

 trees, Sweet (him. Holly and the Willow Oak forming the remain- 

 der. Among the saplings n to 10 feet, in height were a number of 

 Chestnut and a few of the Chestnut Oak, neither of which trees 

 has been seen elsewhere in mure than four localities off the gravel 

 beach of the Talbot sea smith of Denton and Queenstown. With 

 them were Dogwood, Bayberry and the Blue berry and young trees 

 of the Holly. The herbaceous vegetation was very pour and the 

 seedling trees were exclusivly those of the predominant oaks. 



The shrubby vegetation of the Clay Upland Forests varies in its 

 density in accordance witli the dominance of the coniferous or the 

 deciduous trees. Tn pure or nearly pure growths of the Loblolly 

 or the Loblolly and Scrub Pines the shrubs are few ami scattered, 

 the floor of the forest often being almost bare of any vegetation 

 and smoothly carpeted with pine needles. Where the deciduous 

 trees are more abundant the shrubs are more numerous. In the 

 pure stands of Loblolly near tide-water Myrica carolinensis, Myrica 

 cerifera ami Baccharis halimifolia are the commonest shrubs. Else- 

 where additional common species are: 



Yaccinium stamineum 

 1 urci a in in corymbosum 

 Gaylussacia resinosa 

 1 iburnum dentatum 

 A :nli ii miili/lura 

 Xolisma ligustrina 

 1 iburnum pi tmi folium 

 A rutin spinosa 

 . I ronia arbutifolia. 



