108 NATURAL lITSTOnV OF PLANTS. 



cacti.forni, perennial or annual, frequently with milky juice, lias 

 been diyiiled into a certain number of sections,^ principally based on 

 the exterior character of the seeds, of the glands alternating •with the 

 sepals, and upon the vegetative organs. The leaves, sometimes (espe- 

 cially in the species with thick stems) reduced to small tongues, are 

 either alternate or opposite and unsymmetrical exstipulate, or with 

 Literal stipules, membranous or glandular. The flowers, often 

 preceded by coloured bracts, are disposed in more or less compound 

 cymes, hi- or pluriparous, often uniparous, principally at the summit 

 of the inflorescence, this being axillary, or more usually terminal, 

 and frequently united in a umbelliform mass. 



In some African species of EupJiorhia., the glands alternate to the 

 sepals, instead of being independent, are more or less widely united 

 in a lobed ring : the genus Synaûenium^- has been made of them, 

 but we have only considered them as a section of Euphorbia. 



Beside Euphorhia is placed Pcdilanthes, representing the irregular 

 form of it. The gynœceura and androceum remain the same, the 

 calyx becomes extremely irregular, usually calceolate, generally as 

 if bilabiate, with a posterior lip represented by the posterior division 

 of the perianth, in itself bi- or tridcntate, and an anterior lip formed 

 of five sepals, larger and imbricated. Witlin the posterior lip is 

 found a platform or furrow bearing one or a larger number of 

 sessile glands. The species of Pedilanthes are American. Their 

 vegetative organs are fleshy ; their leaves alternate, and their flowers 

 disposed in terminal or axillary cymes. 



According to another opinion, that which we have just considered 

 as the calyx'' in Euphorbia and Fedikmthcs, represents a multifioral 



cit. 7-188, 1262-126!!. — yj. Bn. in. Adaiisonin, caiithium (Boiss.) — Sfen'r/mniit/ie Kl, et Grcke. 



i. 58, 104, 139, 291 ; ii. 211 ; iii. 139 ; iv. 257 ; lue. cit. 100) ; 20. Hiip/wrbiuiii (Boiss.— J>ffrt(/- 



vi. 282 ; vii. 159, 375; x. 197. Iniitlici. Mctlxva, Tre-sia, Haw. ■,—Anthacaiitha 



1 M. BoissiEii (Pi-och: 8) twenty "seven of them Lem. in ///. Mort. [1835], 69) ; 21. RIdzaiithimn 



are admitted; 1. ^inwo;u/i(/««i« (Haw. S//». 159) ; (Boiss.) ; 22. Tiiucalli {V,o\&».) ; 2Z. Liiclopsis 



1. ZiigojilujUid'mm (Boiss.); 3. Ci/ttaroxpeimum (Boiss.); 2i. FsnuJaeahipha (Boiss.); 25. En- 



(Boiss.); 4. Dichilium (Boiss); 5. Alecturoctc- plwrljiiisfriun (Kl. ei GucKS. loc. ci't. 101); 26. 



nmn (Sohltl. in Liiiiicea, xix. 252) ; 6. Pctaloma TMi/malns (Boiss.)— Scop, (nee Haw.) ; — Gal- 



(R.tFiN. Ail. Journ. 177) ; 7. Crossadeiiiu (Boiss.) aryhicus Haiiv. Si/n. 143) ; — E-siila Harv. 



8. Stacliiirtium (Boiss.) ; 9. Titliijmalupsis (Kl. Syn. 153) ; 27. Ciilycopcplus (Pl.). we have 



et. Gecke. loc. cit. 33) ; 10. Tyichcrostigma (Kl. sepcrated this last genus from Etiphnybia, 



et GuCKE. loc. cit. 41); 11. Fortulacastnwi and we join as sections Si/iiadcniiim (Boiss.) 



(Bois.s.) ; 12. Cheirolepidimn ÇRoisa.) ; IS. Eye- Dccadenia (U. Us. in Jdwisonin, •213;— Cleopatya 



mophijtum (Boiss.); 14. Nummular iopsi s (Boiss.) Panch.), he.sides Boiii/ium (Boiss. Frodr. 



15. Poimettia (Gkah. in Edinb.Neio Phil. Journ\ 1264, s.l3 A.). 



(1836) ; (Kl. et Gucke. loc. cil. 101) ; 16. = Boiss. Prodr. 187, 1269. 



Aythyothamnus (Kl. ct Gucke. loe. cit. 62 ' in Adaiisonia, iii. 142. 



part.); 17. C'ludantlnum (Boiss.); IB. Gonoi- ■"Following the example of Tourneport. 

 j((Hi«(lI. Bn. in Adaiisoiiidi i. 114); 19. J)ia- 



