ECPHORBIACE.E. 171 



Autilles, and especially from the Bahamas. Linn^us had confounded, 

 under the name of C. Cascarilla, two perfectly distinct sj^ecies. One 

 is, according to Benicett,' the true C. Cascarilla '- and comes from the 

 Bahamas. The other, yielding a product of secondary quality, is 

 not only found in these islands, but particularly in Cuba, and St. 

 Domingo ; it is the C. linear e? C. Eliiieria^ a Bahama species, 

 yields actually C. officinalis^ or ChacriUe^ Eleutherian bark, whilst 

 C. Cascarilla only furnishes au insiguificaut quantity, contrary 

 to what was formerly the case. C. Jlavens^" or C. halsamiferwn 

 from Martinique, a species whose leaves arc nearly the same as 

 Salvia^ furnish a sort of cascarilla, whose properties are analogous 

 to those of C. officinalis; but it never comes now to Europe. C. liicidum ^ 

 yields in Cuba the false Cascarilla of Bahama, and C. niveus^ the 

 Cascarilla of the Trinity, of Cuba, or Copalclii. The Cascarilla barks 

 Avere at fii-st praised as substitutes for cinchona ; but their febrifuge 

 action seems to be very slight ; they are especially known as 

 tonic, aperient, and antichlorotic. Their use is recommended in cases 

 of diarrhœa of long standing, and they are employed in veterinary 

 medicine to quicken the secretion of milk. Many other species of 

 Croton have stimulant properties ; owing to being, like Cascarilla, rich 

 in essences whose odour and vii'tues much resemble those observed in 

 Labiatœ. C. gratissimus ^ from the Cape, furnishes a choice perfume. 

 On the borders of the Amazon, C. adipatus^ and thurifer ^° yield a 

 sort of incense. In the Antilles, C. humilis is used to prepare 

 aromatic baths. In Martinique, what is called Eau de Mantes 



1 In Janrii. Linn. Soc. iv. 30. 203 (nee L.). Those stalks yield a balsamic 

 = L. Spec. ed. 3, 1424 (part.). — M. Arc. Prodi: juice, with a slightly acrid and hitter taste (see 



616, n. 260. — Daniell, On the CascarUla and H. Bn. in Diet. E^ci/d. So. Méd. xii. 757, n. 5.) 



other Spec...., in Pharm. Jour», ser. 2, iv. ^ L. Amcen. v. 410. — 0. pallens Sw. — C. 



144, 226, t. 3, fig. 1 (neo Lamk.). — C. eascard- spieatus Berg. — C. glanduUferus Vahl. C. 



loidts Geisel. Moil. 8 (part.). — C'lutia Cascarilla [Aalrupsis) Hookeriaiius H. Bn. {Eiiphorbiac. 



L. Spec. 1042 (part.). 363) is a simple furm. 



2 JAca. Amer. 257, 1. 162. fig. 4.— Lamk. Did. ? Jacq. Amer. 2.55, t. 162, fig. 2.—C. Si/ringce- 

 ii. 2Ù4. — C. hippophdcoide^ A. Kich. Cab. iii. 212. fuliiisii. B. K. — C. Psciido-China Schlchtl, in 

 —Clntia Cascarilla L. Amœn. v. 411. Distinct Ziiinœa, iv. 84.— Lind. Fl. Med. 180, n. 362.— 

 from that Species which bears the same name Rosexth. op. cit. 833.— Guib. op. cit. ii. 364. 

 (vulg. Sani/e dii Port de la Paix). Humboldt fonnerly wrongly attributed the 



■* Bemn. loc. cit. 29. — Daniell, loc. cit. 4, t. 1. oiigin of Copnlchi to C. subcrosm H. B. K. 



— M. Arg. Prodr. n. 8.— Clittia Eliiteriu, L. Spec. » Burch. Trav. ii. 268.— Sond. in Liiiiieca, 



1042 (part.). xxui. 149. — Eosenth. op. cit. 835.— H. Bn. in 



' L. Amcen. \. 410. — M. Arg. Prodr. n. 253. — Adansoiiia, iii. 154. 



C. balsamifer Jacq.— (7. Siehardi W.—C. miicro- » H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Spec. ii. 68.— M. Arg. 



natiis W. — C. tomentosus Li.nk. — C. padifoliiis Prodr. n. bT. 



Geis. — C. J/occiilosiis Geis.— C astroites W. — C. '» H. B. K. op. cit. ii. 76 {Ullitcina). 

 leprosus Si-reng. — C. Cascarilla Lamk. Diet. ii. 



