ROSACEA. (rose family.) 157 



3. R. Cham9em6rus, L. (Cloud-berry.) Herbaceous, low, dicecioua; 

 stem simple, 2-3-leuveJ, \-flowered; leaves roundish-kidney-form, somewhat .v 

 lobed, serrate, wrinkled; calyx-lobes pointless; petals oborute, white; fruit of 

 few grains, amber-color. — White Mountains of New Hampshire at the limit of 

 trees : also on the coast at Luheek, Maine, and northward. (Eu.) 



* * Leaflets (pinnate! y) 3-5: petals small, erect, white. 

 •<- Stems annual, herbaceous, not prickly : fruit of few separate grains. 



4. R. triflbrus, Richardson. (Dwarf Raspberry.) Stems ascending 

 (6' -12' high) or trailing; leaflets 3 (or pedately 5), rhombic-ovate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, acute at both ends, coarsely doubly serrate, thin, smooth ; peduncle 

 1 - 3-flowered. — Wooded hillsides, New England to Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, 

 and northward. June. — Sepals and petals often 6 or 7. 



■•—i- Stems biennial and woody, prickly: receptacle oblong: fruit hemispherical. 



5. R. strigdsus, Miehx. (Wild Red Raspberry.) Stems upright, and 

 with the stalks, &c. beset with stiff straight bristles (or a few becoming weak 

 hooked prickles), glandular when young, somewhat glaucous; leaflets 3-5, 

 oblong-ovate, pointed, cut-serrate, whitish-downy underneath ; the lateral ones 

 sessile ; petals as long as the sepals ; fruit light red. — Thickets and hills : com- 

 mon everywhere, especially northward. June, July. — Fruit ripening all sum- 

 mer, more tender than that of the Garden or European Raspberry (R. IdJeus), 

 which it too closely resembles. 



6. R. occidentalis, L. (Black Raspberry. Thimbleberry.) 

 Glaucous all over ; stems recurved, armed like the stalks, &c, with hooked priclcL s, 

 not bristly ; leaflets 3 (rarely 5), ovate, pointed, coarsely doubly serrate, whitened- 

 downy underneath ; the lateral ones somewhat stalked ; petals shorter than the 

 sepals ; fruit purple-black (rarely a whitish variety), ripe early in July. — Very 

 common northward, especially where ground has been burned over. 



§ 2. BLACKBERRY. Fruit, or collective drupes, not separating from the juicy 

 prolonged receptacle, mostly ovate or oblong, blackish. 



7. R. vill6sus, Ait. (Common or High Blackberry.) Shrubby (1°- 

 6° high), furrowed, upright or reclining, armed with stout curved prickles : branch- 

 lets, stalks, and lower surface of the leaves hairy and glandular ; leaflets 3 (or 

 pedately 5), ovate, pointed, unequally serrate; the terminal ones somewhat 

 heart-shaped, conspicuously stalked ; flowers racemed, numerous, bracts short ; 

 sepals linear-pointed, much shorter than the obovate-oblong spreading petals. — 

 Yar. 1 . frond6scs : smoother and much less glandular ; flowers more corym- 

 bose, with leafy bracts ; petals roundish. Yar. 2. humifusus : trailing, smaller ; 

 peduncles few-flowered. — Borders of thickets, &c. : common. May, June : the 

 pleasant large fruit ripe in Aug. and Sept. — Plant very variable in size, aspect, 

 and shape of the fruit; — the varieties connecting with 



8. R. Canadensis, L. (Low Blackberry. Dewberry.) Shrubby, 

 extensively trailing, slightly prickly; leaflets 3 (or pedately 5-7), oval or ovate- 

 lanceolate, mostly pointed, thin, nearly smooth, sharply cut-serrate ; flowers ra- 

 cemed, with leaf-like bracts. (R. trivialis, Pursh, Bigel., frc. ; not of Michx.) — 

 Rocky hills and copses : common. May ; ripening its excellent fruit earlier 

 than No. 7. 



