COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 235 



** ■*- Involucre of many very slender equal scales appearing like a single row. 

 3.3. A. Novae-Angliae, L. Stem stout, hairy (3° -8° high), corymbed at 



the sumiiiit ; leaves very mum runs, lanceolate, entire, acute, auriculate-claspinq, clothed 

 vith minute jmbescence ; scales of the involucre linear-awl-shaped, loose, glandular-viscid, 

 as well as the branehlcts ; rays violet-purple, in var. koseus rose-purple (A. 

 roseus, Deaf.), very numerous; achenia hairy. — Moist grounds: connnon. — 

 Heads large, corymbed. Var.? with white rays, Carroll Co., 111., II. Shinier. 

 ******** Heads, §-c, as in the preceding group ; but foliage as in * * *. 



34. A. anomalus, Engclm. Somewhat hoary-pubescent ; stems slender 

 (2° -4° high), simple or racemose-branched above; leaves ovate or ovate-lance- 

 olate, pointed, entire or nearly so, the lower cordate and long-petioled, the upper 

 small and almost sessile; scales of the hemispherical involucre imbricated in 

 several rows, appressed, with linear spreading leafy tips ; achenia smooth. — 

 Limestone cliffs, W. Illinois (and Missouri, near St. Louis), Engelmann. — Heads 

 as large as those of No. 31 : rays violet-purple. 



§ 4. ORITROPHIUM, Kunth. Scales of the involucre narrow, nearly equal and 

 almost in a single row, more or less herbaceous : pappus of soft and uniform capil- 

 lary bristles: mostly low perennials, bearing solitary or few heads. 



35. A. graminifolius, Pursh. Slightly pubescent, slender (6' -12' high); 

 leaves very numerous, narrowly linear; branches prolonged into slender naked 

 peduncles, bearing solitary small heads; rays rose-purple or whitish. — North- 

 ern borders of New England, Lake Superior, and northward. 



§ 5. ORTHOMERIS, Torr. & Gr. Scales of the involucre regularly imbricated, 

 unequal, of en carinale, with membranaceous margins, entirely destitute of herba- 

 ceous tips: pappus ofsof and unequal capillary bristles. 



36. A. acuminatUS, Michx. Somewhat hairy; stem (about 1° high) 

 simple, zigzag, panicled-eorymbose at the summit; peduncles slender; leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, conspicuously pointed, coarsely toothed above, wedge-form and entire 

 at the base ; scales of the involucre few and loosely imbricated, linear-lanceolate, 

 pointed, thin (3" - 5" long) ; heads few or several ; rays 12-18, white, or slightly 

 purple. — Cool rich woods : common northward and southward along the Alle- 

 ghanics. Aug. — There is a depauperate narrow-leaved variety on the White 

 Mountains of New Hampshire. 



37. A. nemoralis, Ait. Minutely roughish-pubescent ; stem slender, 

 simple or corymbose at the summit, very leafy (l°-2° high) ; leaves small (1'- 

 H' long), rather rigid, lanceolate, nearly entire, with revolute margins ; scales of the 

 inversely conical involucre narrowly linear-lanceolate, the outer passing into 

 awl-shaped bracts; rays lilac-purple, elongated. — Bogs, pine barrens of New 

 Jersey to Maine along the coast, and northward. Also White Mountains of 

 New Hampshire; a small form, with solitary heads. Sept. 



38. A. ptarmicoides, Torr. & Gr. Smooth or roughish ; stems clus- 

 tered (6'- 15' high), simple; leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, rigid, entire, tapering 

 to the base, 1-3-nerved, with rough margins (2' -4' long); heads small, in a 

 fat corymb ; scales of the involucre imbricated in 3 or 4 rows, short ; rays white 

 (2" -3" long). — Dry rocks, W. Vermont to Illinois and Wisconsin along the 

 Great Lakes, and northward. Aug. 



