COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 239 



2. B. glastifblia, L'Her. Leaves lanceolate, ascending ; achenia obovate, 

 broadly winged ; pappus of several short bristles and 2 or 3 short awns. — Ri h 

 soil, Pennsylvania to Illinois and southward. Sept., Oct. — Plant 2° -4° high. 



* * Heads small, panicled on the slender branches. 



3. B. diffusa, L'Her. Stem diffusely branched ; leaves lance-linear, those 

 on the branchlets very small and awl-shaped ; pappus of several very short bris- 

 tles and 2 short awns. — Prairies near Centralia, Illinois ( Vasey), and southwest- 

 ward. Aug. - Oct. 



17. BELLIS, Tourn. Daisy. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate ; the rays numerous, pistillate. Scales of the 

 involucre herbaceous, equal, in about 2 rows. Receptacle conical, naked. Ache- 

 nia obovate, flattened, wingless, and without any pappus. — Low herbs (all but 

 our single species natives of the Old World), either stemless, like the true Daisy, 

 B. perennis, or leafy-stemmed, as is the following. (The Latin name, from 

 bell us, pretty.) 



1. B. integrif61ia, Michx. (Western Daist.) Annual or biennial, 

 diffusely branched (4' -9' high), smoothish ; leaves lanceolate or oblong, the 

 lower spatulate-obovate ; heads on slender peduncles ; rays pale violet-purple. — 

 Prairies and banks, Kentucky and south westward. March- June. 



18. BEACHYCH5!TA, Torr. & Gr. False Golden-rod. 



Heads and flowers nearly as in Solidago, except the pappus, which is a row 

 of minute rather scale-like bristles, shorter than the achenia. — A perennial herb, 

 with rounded or ovate serrate leaves, all the lower ones heart-shaped ; the small 

 yellow heads in sessile clusters racemed or spiked on the branches. (Name com- 

 posed of ftpa)(vs, short, and x aiTr )-> bristle, from the pappus.) 



1. B. COrdata, Torr. & Gr. (Solidago cordata, Short.) Wooded hills, 

 E. Kentucky and southward. Oct. — Plant 2° -4° high, slender, more or less 

 pubescent. 



19. SOLIDAGO, L. Golden-rod. 



Heads few - many-flowered, radiate ; the rays 1-16, pistillate. Scales of the 

 oblong involucre appressed, destitute of herbaceous tips (except No. 1 ). Recep- 

 tacle small, not chaffy. Achenia many-ribbed, nearly terete. Pappus simple, 

 of equal capillary bristles. — Perennial herbs, with mostly wand-like stems and 

 nearly sessile stem-leaves, never heart-shaded. Heads small, racemed or clus- 

 tered : flowers both of the disk and ray (except No. 2) yellow. (Name from so- 

 lido, to join, or make whole, in allusion to reputed vulnerary qualities.) Flow- 

 ering in autumn. 



§ 1. CHRYSASTRUM, Torr. & Gr. Scales of the much imbricated and rigid 



involucre with abruptly spreading herbaceous tips : heads in clusters or glomerate 



racemes, disposed in a dense somewhat leafy and interrupted icand-like compound 



spike. 



1. S. squarr6sa, Muhl. Stem stout (2°-5°high), hairy above; leaves 



large, oblong, or the lower spatulate-oval and tapering into a margined petiole, 



