I'KIMULACEjE. (primrose family.) 313 



scapes branched into panicles. (SraTiKr], an ancient name given to this or some 

 other herb, un account of its astringency.) 



1. S. Lim6nium, L. Leaves oblong, spatulate, or obovate-lanceolate, 1- 

 ribbed, tipped with a deciduous bristly point, petioled; scape much-branched, 

 corymbose-panicled (l°-2° high) ; spikelcts 1 -3-flowered; calyx-tube hairy on 

 the angles, the lobes ovate-triangular, with as many teeth in the sinuses. — 

 Root thick and woody, very astringent. Flowers lavender-color. (En.) 



Var. Caroliniana (8. Caroliniana, Walt., &c), the plant of the Northern 

 States, has a hollow scape, more erect branches, at length scattered flowers, and 

 sharper calyx-lobes. — Salt marshes along the coast, extending northward ( where 

 it passes into S. Bahusiensis, Fries). Aug., Sept. (Eu.) 



Order 64. PRI-lIUlACE.E. (Primrose Family.) 



Herbs, with simple leaves, and regular perfect flowers, the stamens as many 

 as the lobes of the monapetalous {rarely polypetalous) corolla and inserted 

 opposite them, a 1-celled ovary with a central free placenta rising from the 

 base, bearing several or many seeds. — Calyx free from the ovary, or in 

 Samolus partly coherent. (Corolla none in Glaux.) Stamens 4 or 5, 

 rarely 6 or 8. Style and stigma one. Seeds with a small embryo in fleshy 

 albumen, amphitropous and fixed by the middle, except in Tribe 4. 



Tribe I. PRIMULEiE. Pod free from the calyx, opening by valves or teeth. 

 * Stemless : leaves all in a cluster from the root. 



1. Primula. Corolla funnel-form or salver-shaped, open at the throat. Stamens included. 



2. Audrosace. Corolla short, very small, constricted at the throat. Stamens included. 



3. Dodecatheon. Corolla reflexed, 5-parted. Stamens exserted : filaments united. 



* # Stems leafy : corolla wheel-shaped (or in Glaux none). 



4. Trientalis. Corolla mostly '-parted. Stem leafy only at the summit. 



5. Lysimachia. Corolla 5- 6-parted or 5-6- petalled. Stems leafy throughout. 



6. Glaux. Corolla none : the calyx petal-like. 



Tribe II. ANAGALLIDE^l. Pod circumcissile. Otherwise as in Tribe I. 



7. Anagallis. Corolla longer than the calyx, 5-parted. Leaves opposite. 



8. Centnnculus. Corolla shorter than the calyx, 4 - 5-cleft. Leaves alternate. 

 Tribe III. SAMOLE^E. Pod partly adherent to the calyx, opening by valves. 



9. Samolus. Corolla bell-shaped and with 5 sterile filaments in the sinuses. 



Tribe IV. HOTTOXIEJE. Pod as in Tribe I. Seeds fixed by the base, anatropous. 

 10. Hottonia. Corolla salver-shaped. Immersed leaves pectinately dissected. 



1. PRIMULA, L. Primrose. Cowslip. 



Calyx tubular, angled, 5-cleft. Corolla salver-shaped, enlarging above the 

 insertion of the stamens; the 5 lobes often notched or inversely heart-shaped. 

 Stamens 5, included. Pod many-seeded, splitting at the top into 5 valves or 10 

 teeth. — Low perennial herbs, producing a tuft of veiny leaves at the root, and 

 simple scapes, bearing the flowers in an umbel. (Name a diminutive of primus, 

 from the flowering of the true Primrose in early spring. ) 



1. P. fartndsa, L. (Bird's-ete Primrose.) Leaves elliptical or obo- 

 vate-lanceolate, the lower surface and the 3 - 20-flowered involucre, frc. covered with 



