334 SCOPHULARIACE.E. (FIGWORT FAMILY.) 



1. B. Americana, L. Rough-hairy; stem wand-like (l°-2° high); 

 lower leaves obovate-oblong, the others oblong and lanceolate, sparingly and 

 coarsely toothed, veiny; the uppermost linear-lanceolate, entire; spike inter- 

 rupted ; calyx longer than the bracts, one third the length of the deep-purple 

 corolla, — Plains, W. New York to Wisconsin and southward. June- Aug. 



18. SEYMERIA, Pursh. Seymeria. 



Calyx bell-shaped, deeply 5-cleft. Corolla with a short and broad tube, not 

 longer than the 5 ovate or oblong nearly equal and spreading lobes. Stamens 

 4, somewhat- equal : anthers approximate by pairs, oblong, 2-celled ; the cells 

 equal and pointless. Pod many-seeded. — Erect branching herbs, with the gen- 

 eral aspect and character of Gerardia : leaves mostly opposite and dissected or 

 pinnatifid, the uppermost alternate and bract-like. Flowers yellow, interrupt- 

 edly racemed or spiked. (Named for Henry Seymer, an English naturalist.) 



1. S. macrophyila, Nutt. (Mullein-Foxglove.) Rather pubescent 

 (4° -5° high) ; leaves large, the lower pinnately divided, with the broadly lan- 

 ceolate divisions pinnatifid and incised, the upper lanceolate ; tube of the corolla 

 incurved, very woolly inside, as are the filaments except their apex ; style short, 

 dilated and notched at the point ; pod ovate, pointed. — Shady river-banks, Ohio 

 to Illinois, and southwestward. July. 



19. GERARDIA, L. Gerardia. 



Calyx bell-shaped, 5-toothed or 5-cleft. Corolla campanulate-funnel-form, or 

 somewhat tubular, swelling above, with 5 more or less unequal spreading lobes, 

 the 2 upper usually rather smaller and more united. Stamens 4, strongly di- 

 dynamous, included, hairy: anthers approaching by pairs, 2-celled; the cells 

 parallel, often pointed at the base. Style elongated, mostly enlarged and flat- 

 tened at the apex. Pod globular or ovate, pointed, many-seeded. — Erect branch- 

 ing herbs (more or less root-parasitic) : stem-leaves opposite, or the upper alter- 

 nate, the uppermost reduced to bracts and subtending 1 -flowered peduncles, 

 which often form a raceme or spike. Flowers showy, purple or yellow ; in late 

 summer and autumn. (Dedicated to the celebrated herbalist, John Gerarde.) 

 § 1. GERARDIA proper. Calyx-teeth short : corolla purple or rose-color : anthers 

 all alike, nearly pointless : leaves linear, entire. (Our species are all branching 

 annuals. They still need revision, in connection with those of the Southern States. ) 

 * Peduncles shorter or moderately longer than the calyx : stem erect. 



1. G. purpurea, L. (Purple Gerardia.) Stem (8' -20' high) with 

 long and rigid widely spreading branches; leaves linear, acute, rough-margined; 

 flowers large (1' long), bright purple, often downy; calyx-teeth sharp-pointed, 

 shorter than the tube. — Low grounds, Maine to Wisconsin and southward, 

 mostly towards the coast. 



2. G. maritima, Raf. (Sea-side G.) Low (4'- 12' high), with shorter 

 branches ; leaves rather fleshy and obtuse, as are the short calyx-teeth; corolla h' long. 

 — Salt marshes along the coast. 



3. G. aspera, Dougl. Sparingly branched (l°-2° high); leaves long 

 and narrowly linear, rough ; pedicels once or twice the length of the calyx, which has 



