336 SCROPHULARIACE^E. (FIGWORT FAMILY.) 



20. CASTILLEIA, Mutis. Painted-Cup. 



Calyx tubular, flattened, cleft at the summit on the anterior, and usually on 

 the posterior side also ; the divisions entire or 2-lobed. Tube of the corolla in- 

 cluded in the calyx ; its upper lip long and narrow, arched and keeled, flattened 

 laterally, enclosing the 4 unequal stamens ; the lower lip short, 3-lobed. Anther- 

 cells oblong-linear, unequal, the outer fixed by the middle, the inner pendulous. 

 Pod many-seeded. — Herbs (root-parasitic), witfc alternate entire or cut-lobed 

 leaves ; the floral ones usually dilated, colored, and more showy than the yel- 

 low or purplish spiked flowers. (Dedicated to Castillejo, a Spanish botanist.) 



1. C. coecinea, Spreng. (Scarlet Painted-Cup.) Hairy biennial or 

 annual ; stem simple ; root-leaves clustered ; those of the stem incised ; the floral 

 3-cleft, bright scarlet towards the summit (rarely yellow) ; cat yx almost equally 2- 

 cleft, the lobes nearly entire, about the length of the pale yellow corolla. (Euchrbma 

 coecinea, Nutt.) — Sandy low grounds : not uncommon. May- Aug. 



2. C. pallida, Kunth. Smooth or sparingly hairy perennial ; at the sum- 

 mit woolly ; leaves often incised ; the floral oblong or obovate, whitish, rarely 

 tinged with purple; calyx cleft more deeply in front, the divisions 2-cleft, the ovate- 

 oblong lobes mostly shorter than the whitish corolla. (C. septentrionalis, 

 Lindl.) — Alpine region of the White Mountains, New Hampshire, and Green 

 Mountains, Vermont, Lake Superior and northwestward. Aug. (Eu.) 



3. C. sessiliflbra, Pursh. Hairy and low perennial (6' -9-' high); leaves 

 mostly 3-cleft, with narrow diverging lobes ; the floral broader, not colored: spike 

 many-flowered, crowded ; calyx deeper cleft in front, the divisions deeply 2-cleft, 

 shorter than the tube of the long and narrow greenish-yellow corolla ; which 

 has the lobes of the lower lip slender, pointed, about half the length of the upper. 

 — Prairies, Wisconsin (Laphatn), Illinois, and westward. — Corolla 2' long. 



21. SCHWALBEA, Gronov. Chaff-seed. 



Calyx oblique, tubular, 10-12-ribbed, 5-toothed; the posterior tooth much 

 smallest, the 2 anterior united much higher than the others. Upper lip of the 

 corolla arched, oblong, entire ; the lower rather shorter, erect, 2-plaited, with 3 

 very short and broad obtuse lobes. Stamens 4, included in the upper lip : an- 

 ther-cells equal and parallel, obscurely pointed at the base. Pod ovate, many- 

 seeded. Seeds linear, with a loose chaff-like coat. — A perennial minutely pu- 

 bescent upright herb (l°-2° high), with leafy simple stems, terminated by a 

 loose spike of rather large dull purplish-yellow flowers ; the leaves alternate, 

 sessile, 3-ncrved, entire, ovate or oblong, the upper gradually reduced into nar- 

 row bracts. Pedicels very short, with 2 bractlets under the calyx. (Dedicated 

 to C. G. Schwalbe, an obscure German botanist.) 



1. S. Americana, L. — Wet sandy soil, Cape Cod at Sandwich (B. D. 

 Greene), near Albany, New York, pine barrens of New Jersey, and southward 

 near the coast. May -July. 



22. EUPHRASIA, Tourn. Etebeight. 



Calyx tubular or bell-shaped, 4-cleft. Upper lip of the corolla erect, scarcely 

 arched, 2-lobed, the lobes broad and spreading ; lower lip spreading, 3-cleft, the 



