tia 



366 BORRAGIXACE.E. (BORAGE FAMILY.) 



lets depressed or convex, oblique, fixed near the apex to the base of the style, 

 roughened all over with short barbed or hooked prickles. — Coarse herbs, with 

 a strong scent and petioled lower leaves; the mostly panicled (so-called) ra- 

 cemes naked above, usually bracted at the base. Fl. all summer. (Name from 

 Kvu>v, a dog, and yXaxraa, tongue; from the shape and texture of the leaves.) 



1. C. officinale, L. (Common Hound*s-Tongue.) Biennial; clothed 

 with short soft hairs, haft/, panicled above ; upper leaves lanceolate, closely sessile 

 by a rounded or slightly heart-shaped base ; racemes nearly bractless ; corolla 

 reddish-purple (rarely white); nutlets flat on the broad upper face, somewhat 

 margined. — Waste grounds and pastures : a familiar and troublesome weed ; 

 the large nutlets adhering to the fleece of sheep, &c. (Nat. from Eu.) 



2. C. Virginicum, L. (Wild Comfrey.) Perennial; roughish ivitk 

 spreading bristly hairs; stem simple, few-leaved (2° -3° high) ; stem-leaves lance- 

 olate-oblong, clasping by a deep heart-shaped base ; racemes few and corymbed, 

 raised on a long naked peduncle, bractless ; corolla pale blue; nutlets strongly con- 

 vex. — Kich woods : rather common, especially westward. — Flowers interme- 

 diate in size between the other two. 



3. C. Morisdni, DC. (Beggar's Lice.) Biennial; stem hairy, very 

 broadly branched, leafy (2° -4° high); leaves oblong-ovate, taper-pointed, also 

 tapering at the base, thin, minutely downy underneath and roughish above ; 

 racemes panicled, forking, diverging, hairy, leafy-bructed at the base ; flowers very 

 small; corolla white or pale blue (minute) ; pedicels reflexed in fruit; nutlets 

 convex, the prickles with barbed points. (Myosbtis Virgmica, L. Echino- 

 spe'rmum, Lehm.) — Copses : a common and vile weed. 



10. HELIOTROPIUM, Tourn. Heliotrope. 



Corolla salver-shaped, short, 5-lobed ; the sinuses more or less plaited in the 

 hud ; the throat open. Anthers nearly sessile. Style short : stigma conical, or 

 capitate. Nutlets 4, when young united by their whole inner faces into a 4- 

 celled ovary, but separating when ripe, each 1-seeded. — Herbs or low shrubby 

 plants, the small flowers in one-sided spikes ; in summer. (The ancient name, 

 from rjXiot, the sun, and rponrj, a turn.) 



1. H. EuROPiuM, L. Erect annual (6' -18' high), hoary-pubescent ; leaves 

 oval, long-petioled ; lateral spikes single, the terminal in pairs ; calyx spreading 

 in fruit, hairy. — Waste places, southward : scarce. (Adv. from Eu.) 



2. H. Curassavicum, L. Apparently annual, glabrous ; stems ascend- 

 ing ; leaves lance-linear or spatulate, thickish, pale, almost veinless ; spikes in 

 pairs. — Sandy shores, Norfolk, Virginia, S. W. Illinois, and southward. 



11. HELIOPHYTUM, Cham., DC. Indian Heliotrope. 



Corolla constricted at the throat. Style very short. Nutlets 2, each 2-celled, 

 i. e. 4, in pairs, and sometimes a pair of empty false cells besides : otherwise 

 nearly as in Hcliotropium. (Name, fjXiot, sun, and <pvrov, plant.) 



1. H. Ixdicum, DC. Erect and hairy annual; leaves petioled, ovate or 

 oval ami somewhat heart-shaped; spikes single; fruit 2-cleft, mitre-shaped, 

 with an empty false cell before each seed-bearing cell. (Hcliotropium Indi- 

 cum, L.) — Waste places, S. Illinois, and southward. (Adv. from India.) 



