386 genttanace^e. (gentian family.) 



tered, flat-topped, the flowers all nearly sessile; tube of the (purplc-rose-eolored) 

 corolla not twice the length of the oval lobes. — Oswego, New York. — Plant 

 6' - 12' high : corolla 3" - 4" long. (Adv. from Eu.) 



2. E. ramosissima, Pers., var. pulchella, Griseb. Low (2'- 6' high); 

 stem many times forked above and forming a diffuse cyme ; leaves ovate-oblong or 

 oval ; flowers all on short pedicels ; tube of the (pink-purple) corolla thrice the 

 length of the elliptical-oblong lobes. (E. Muhlenbe'rgii, Griseb., as to Penn. 

 plant. Exacum pulchellum, Pursh.) — Wet or shady places, Long Island to E. 

 Virginia : scarce. — Flowers smaller than in No. 1. (Nat. from Eu.) 



3. E. spicata, Pers. Stem strictly upright (6'- 10' high) ; the flowers ses- 

 sile and spiked along one side of the simple or rarely forked branches ; leaves oval 

 and oblong, rounded at the base, acutish ; tube of the (rose-colored or whitish) 

 corolla scarcely longer than the calyx, the lobes oblong. (E. Pickerfngii, 

 Oakes.) — Sandy sea-shore, Nantucket, Massachusetts, Oakes, and Norfolk, Vir- 

 ginia, Rugel. — Remarkable for the spike-like arrangement of the flowers. 

 (Nat. from Eu. ?) 



3. FRASEBA, Walt. American Columbo. 



Calyx deeply 4-parted. Corolla deeply 4-parted, wheel-shaped, each v division 

 with a glandular and fringed pit on the face. Filaments awl-shaped, usually 

 somewhat monadelphous at the base : anthers oblong, versatile. Style persist- 

 ent : stigma 2-lobed. Pod oval, flattened, 4- 14-seeded. Seeds large and flat, 

 wing-margined. — Tall and showy herbs, with a thick root, upright and mostly 

 simple stems, bearing whorled leaves, and numerous peduncled flowers in open 

 cymes, which are disposed in an ample elongated panicle. (Dedicated to John 

 Fraser, an indefatigable collector in this country towards the close of the last 

 century.) 



1. F. Carolinensis, Walt. Smooth biennial or triennial (3° -8° high) ; 

 leaves mostly in fours, lance-oblong, the lowest spatulate, veiny ; panicle py- 

 ramidal, loosely flowered ; divisions of the corolla oblong, mucronate, longer 

 than the narrowly lanceolate calyx-lobes, each with a large and round gland 

 on their middle ; pod much flattened parallel with the flat valves. — Rich dry 

 soil, S. W. New York to Wisconsin and southward. July. — Root very thick 

 and bitter. Corolla 1' broad, light greenish-yellow, marked with small brown- 

 purple dots. 



4. HALENIA, Borkh. Spurred Gentian. 



Calyx 4- 5-parted. Corolla short bell-shaped, 4-5-cleft, without folds or 

 fringe, prolonged at the base underneath the erect lobes into spurs, which are 

 glandular in the bottom. Stigmas 2, sessile, persistent on the oblong flattish 

 pod. Seeds rather numerous, oblong. — Small and upright herbs, with yellow- 

 ish or purplish panicled-cymose flowers. (Name of unknown meaning.) 



1. H. defl6xa, Grisebach. Leafy annual or biennial (9'- 18' high), sim- 

 ple or branched above; leaves 3-5-nerved, the lowest oblong-spatulatc and 

 petioled ; the others oblong-lanceolate, acute ; spurs cylindrical, obtuse, curved, 

 descending, half the length of the acutely 4-lobed corolla. (Swe'rtia corniculata, 



