UBTICACEJE. (NETTLE FAMILY.) I \.', 



4. U. alata, Michx. (Whaiioo or Winged Elm.) Bud-scales and branch- 

 lets nearly glabrous ; branches corky-winged, &t least some of them; leaves downy 

 beneath, ovate-oblong and oblong-lanceolate, acute, thickish, small (1'— 2J' long) ; 

 calyx-lobes obovate; fruit downy on the face, at least when young. — Virginia 

 to Illinois, and southward. March. — Wood fine-grained, valuable. 



2. PLANEEA, Gmelin. Planer-tree. 



Flowers monccciously polygamous. Calyx 4 - 5-cleft. Stamens 4-5. Ovary 

 ovoid, 1-celled, 1-ovuled, crowned with 2 spreading styles which are stigmato.-e 

 down the inner side, in fruit becoming coriaeeous and nut-like, not winged. Al- 

 bumen none: embryo straight. — Trees with small leaves, like those of Elms, 

 the flowers appearing with them, in small axillary clusters. (Named for J. J. 

 Planer, a German botanist.) 



1. P. aquatica, Gmel. Nearly glabrous ; leaves ovate-oblong, small ; fruit 

 stalked in the calyx, beset with irregular rough projections. — Wet banks, Ken- 

 tucky (Michaux) and southward. AprU. 



3. CELTIS, Tourn. Nettle-tree. Hackberrt. 



Flowers monccciously polygamous. Calyx 5-6-partcd, persistent. Stamens 

 5-6. Ovary 1-celled, with a single suspended ovule: stigmas 2, long and 

 pointed, recurved. Fruit a globular drupe. Embryo curved, nearly enclosing 

 a little gelatinous albumen : cotyledons folded and crumpled. — Leaves pointed, 

 petioled. Stipules caducous. Flowers greenish, axillary, the fertile solitary or 

 in pairs, peduncled, appearing with the leaves; the lower usually staminatc 

 only, in little fascicles, or racemose along the base of the branches of the season. 

 (An ancient Greek name for the Lotus ; the fruit of the European Nettle-tree 

 supposed to have been the food of the Lotophagi.) 



1. C. OCCidentalis, L. (Sugarberrt. Hackberrt.) Leaves reticu- 

 lated, ovate, cordate-ovate and ovate-lanceolate, taper-pointed, usually conspicu- 

 ously and sharply so, more or less oblique at the base, glabrous, sharply serrate, 

 sometimes sparingly so, or soft-pubescent beneath, at least when young ; fruit 

 on a peduncle from once to twice the length of the petiole, reddish or yellowish, 

 turning dark purple at maturity, its peduncle once or twice the length of the 

 petiole. (Also C. Audibertiana, Spach., &c.) — Woods and river-banks, New 

 England to Wisconsin and southward. April, May. — A small or middle-sized 

 tree, with the aspect of an Elm, bearing sweet and edible fruits as large as bird- 

 cherries, at rirst obovate, ripe in autumn; the flesh thin. — Var. tumila. Low 

 and straggling (4° -10° high) ; leaves thin when mature, and smooth, slightly 

 acuminate. (C. pumila, Pursh.) Kiver-banks, on rocks, from Maryland south- 

 ward. — Var. crassif6lia. A tall or low tree ; leaves thicker, usually serrate 

 all round, and with a long tapering point, dull above, pale beneath. (C. cras- 

 sifolia, Lam.) — Common southward and westward. 



2. C. Mississippiensis, Bosc. Leaves entire, very long taper-pointed, 

 rounded at the base, mostly oblique, thin, and smooth; fruit small. (C integri- 

 folia, Nutt.) — W. Kentucky, Illinois? and southwestward. — Even this proba- 

 bly runs into the last. 



