MYRICACEJE. (sWEET-GALE FAMILY.) 457 



6. CARPINUS, L. Hornbeam. Iron-wood. 



Sterile flowers in drooping cylindrical catkins, consisting of several stamens 

 in the axil of a simple and entire scale-like bract : filaments very short, mostly 

 2-forked, the forks bearing 1 -eel led (half-) anthers with hairy tips. Fertile flow- 

 era several, spiked in a sort of loose terminal catkin, with small deciduous bracts, 

 each subtending a pair of flowers, as in Ostrya; but the involucre-like braetlets 

 are open, enlarged in fruiting and foliaceous, merely subtending the small ovate 

 Beveral-nerved nut. — Trees, or tall shrubs, with a smooth and close gray bark, 

 in this and in the slender buds and straight-veined leaves resembling the Beech; 

 the leaf-buds and the inflorescence-as in Ostrya. (The ancient Latin name.) 



1. C. Americana, Miehx. (American Hornbeam. Blue or Water 

 Beech.) Leaves ovate-oblong, pointed, sharply doubly serrate, soon nearly 

 smooth ; braetlets 3-lobed, halberd-shaped, sparingly cut-toothed on one side, 

 acute. — Along streams: common. — Tree or shrub 10° - 20° high, with a 

 ridged trunk, and very hard whitish wood ; also called Iron-wood. 



Order 103. UIYRICACE.E. (Sweet-Gale Family.) 



Monoecious or dioecious shrubs, icith both kinds of flowers in short seedy 

 catkins, and resinous-dotted often fragrant leaves, — differing from the 

 Birch Family chiefly by the 1-celled ovary with a single erect orthotropous 

 ovule, and the drupe-like nut. Involucre none. — Consists chiefly of the 

 typical genus, from which our Sweet-Fern is not sufficiently distinct. 



1. MYRICA, L. Bayberry. Wax-Myrtle. 



Flowers chiefly dioecious : the sterile in oblong or cylindrical, the fertile in 

 ovoid catkins, from axillary scaly buds ; both destitute of calyx and corolla, 

 solitary under a scale-like bract and with a pair of braetlets. Stamens 2-8: 

 filaments somewhat united below : anthers 2-celled. Ovary r with 2-4 scales 

 at its base, and 2 thread-like stigmas. Fruit a small globular nut, or dry drupe, 

 coated with resinous grains or wax. (MvpiKv, the ancient name of the Tama- 

 risk or some other shrub ; perhaps from pvpifa, to perfume.) 



1. M. Gale, L. (Sweet Gale.) Leaves zvedge-Ianceolate, serrate towards 

 the apex ; pale, later than the flowers ; sterile catkins close!// clustered; nuts in im- 

 bricated heads, 2-winged by the two thick ovate scales which coalesce with its 

 base. — Wet borders of ponds, New England to Virginia in the mountains, 

 Penn. to Wisconsin, and northward. April. — Shrub 3° - 5° high. (Eu.) 



2. M. cerifera, L. (Bayberry. Wax-Myrtle.) Leaves Mono-lanceo- 

 late, narrowed at the base, entire or wavy-toothed towards the apex, shining and 

 resinous-dotted both sides, somewhat preceding the flowers; sterile catkins scattered, 

 oblong ; scales wedge-shaped at the base ; nuts scattered and naked, bony, and 

 incrusted with white wax. — Sandy soil on and near the sea-shore: also on 

 Lake Erie. May. — Shrub 3° -8° high, with fragrant leaves : the catkins ses- 

 sile along the last year's branches ; the fruits sometimes persistent for 2 or 3 

 years. 



