LILIACE.E. (LILY FAMILY.) 523 



spreading from an erect base, much larger than the sepals (2'-2i' long), white, 

 changing with age to rose-color. — Rich woods, Vermont to S. Penn., Kentucky, 

 Wisconsin, and northward. June. — Flower erect, on a peduncle 2' -3' long, 

 vers handsome. 



4. T. erectum, L. (Pttbple T. or Birthroot.) Leaves dilated-rhoni- 

 boidal, nearly as hroad as long; petals ovate, acutish, dark dull purple, spreading, 

 little longer than the sepals (!'- 1£' long). (T. rhomboideum, var. atropur- 

 pureuni, Michx.) — Rich woods: common, especially northward. May. — 

 Peduncle 1'- 3' long, usually rather inclined than erect. 



Var. album, Pursh. Petals greenish-white, or rarely yellowish ; ovary 

 mostly dull-purple. (T. pendulum, Ait., &e.) — With the purple-flowered form, 

 especially from New York westward. 



Var. declinatum. Peduncle (fully half the length of the leaves) horizontal, 

 or soon hecoming so, or in fruit almost deflexed ; petals white, rarely pink. — 

 Ohio to L. Superior (where it is the principal Trillium, Dr. Robbins), and 

 northward. — Sometimes confounded with the next, if not passing into it. 



* * Peduncle from the first recurved under the short-petioled or almost sessile leaves, 



scarcely if at all longer than the wavy recur ved-spreading petals. 



5. T. cernuum, L. (Nodding T. or Wake-Robin.) Leaves broadly 

 rhomboid, abruptly pointed ; petals white, oblong-ovate, acute, rather longer than 

 the sepals (6" -9" long) ; styles distinct. — Moist woods, especially eastward. 



6. T. Stylbsum, Nutt. Leaves oblong, tapering to both ends, more dis- 

 tinctly ribbed ; petals tinged with rose-color, oblong, much longer and broader than 

 the sepals ; styles united below the middle. — Virginia? and southward. 



* * * Peduncle erect or nearly so: leaves distinctly pet ioled from a rounded base: 



petals merely spreading, longer than the sepals. 



7. T. nivale, Riddell. (Dwarf White T.) Small (2'-4' high) ; leaves 

 oral or ovate, obtuse; petals oblong, obtuse, white, scarcely wavy, spreading from an 

 erect base (as in No. 3), equalling the peduncle ; styles long and slender. — Rich 

 woods, Ohio to Wisconsin. April. — Leaves l'-2', and petals 1' long. 



8. T. erythrocarpum, Michx. (Painted T.) Leaves ovate, taper- 

 pointed ; petals ovate or oval-lanceolate, pointed, ivavy, widely spreading, white 

 painted with purple stripes at the base, shorter than the peduncle. (T. pictum, 

 Pursh.) — Cold damp woods and bogs, New England and Penn. to L. Superior 

 and northward, and southward in the higher Alleghanies. May, June. 



2. MEDEOLA, Gronov. Indian Cuccmber-root. 



Perianth recurved, the 3 sepals and 3 petals oblong and alike (pale greenish- 

 yellow), deciduous. Stamens 6 : anthers shorter than the slender filaments, 

 oblong, extrorsely attached above the base, but the line of dehiscence of the 

 closely contiguous parallel cells lateral or slightly introrse. Stigmas, or styles 

 stigmatic down the upper side, recurved-diverging from the globose ovary, long 

 and thread-form, deciduous. Berry globose (dark purple), 3-celled, few-seeded. 

 — A perennial herb, with a simple slender stem (l°-3° high, clothed with 

 flocculent and deciduous wool), rising from a horizontal and tuberous white 



