LILIACEiE. (LILY FAMILY.) 529 



solitary or in pairs ; sepals linear-lanceolate, taper-pointed (V long), soon spread- 

 ing, twice the length of the stamens, greenish; style smooth; stigmas 3. (Strcp- 

 topus lannginosns, Michx.) — Rich woods, Western New York to Virginia, 

 Kentucky, and southward along the Alleghanies. May. 



14. STEEPTOPUS, Michx. Twisted-Stalk. 



Perianth recurved-spreading from a hell-shaped base; the 6 distinct sepals 

 lanceolate, acute, the 3 inner keeled, deciduous. Anthers arrow-shaped, cx- 

 trorse, 6xed near the base to the short flattened filaments, tapering above to a 

 slender entire or 2-cleft point. Ovary with many ovules in each cell : style 

 and sometimes the stigmas one. Berry red, roundish-ovoid, many-seeded. — 

 Herbs, with rather stout stems, forking and divergent branches, ovate and taper- 

 pointed rounded-clasping membranaceous leaves, and small (extra-) axillary 

 flowers, either solitary or in pairs, on slender thread-like peduncles, which are 

 abruptly bent or contorted near the middle (whence the name, from arpenTos, 

 twisted, and ttovs, foot or stalk.) 



1. S. amplexif61ius, DC. Leaves very smooth, glaucous underneath, strongly 

 clasping : flower greenish-white on a long peduncle abruptly bent above the mid- 

 dle ; anthers tapering to a slender entire point; stigma entire, truncate. (S. dis- 

 tdrtus, Mii-lts. Uvnlaria amplexifolia, L.) — Cold and moist woods, from Penn. 

 northward. June. — Stem 2° -3° high, rough at the base, otherwise very 

 smooth. Sepals £' long. — In this, as in the next, the peduncles are opposite 

 the leaves, rather than truly axillary, and arc bent round the clasping base under- 

 neath them : they are rarely 2-flowered. (Eu.) . 



2. S. l*6seus, Michx. Leaves green both sides, finely cilinte, and the branches AuOJL to 

 sparingly beset with short bristly hairs - , flower rose-purple, more than half the 



length of the slightly bent peduncle ; anthers 2 -horned ; stigma 3-clcfl. — Cold 

 damp woods, northward, and in the Alleghanies southward. May. 



15. CLINT ONI A, Raf. Clixtonia. 



Perianth of 6 separate sepals, bell-shaped, lily-like, deciduous; the 6 stamens 

 inserted at their base. Filaments long and thread-like : anthers linear or ob- 

 long, cxtrorsely fixed by a point above the base, the cells opening down the 

 margins. Ovary ovoid-oblong, 2-3-celled: style long : stigmas 2 or 3, or in 

 ours united into one. Berry ovoid, blue, few - many-seeded. — Stemless peren- 

 nials, with slender creeping rootstocks, producing a naked scape sheathed at 

 the base by the stalks of 2-4 large oblong or oval ciliate leaves. Flowers 

 rather large, umbellcd, rarely single^ (Dedicated to De Witt Clinton.) 



1. C. borealis, Raf. Umbel few- (2-7-) flowered; ovules 20 or more. 

 (Drachma borealis, Ait.) — Cold moist woods, Massachusetts to Wisconsin and 

 northward, and southward along the Alleghanies. June. — Scape and leaves 

 5' -8' long. Perianth over £' long, greenish-yellow, somewhat downy outside. 



2. C. umbellata, Torr. Umbel many-flowered ; ovules 2 in each cell. (C. 

 multiflora, Deck. Convallaria umbellulata, Michx.) — Rich woods, S. W. New 

 York, and southward along the Alleghanies. June, July. — Flowers half the 

 size of the last, white, speckled with green or purplish dots. 



34 



