596 cyperacej*:. (sedge family.) 



cylindrical usually purplish beak, with a whitish hyaline entire orifice, longer than 



the ovate blunt purplish scale. (C. Halseyana, Dew. Sr Ed. 1. C. striata, Torr. 



N. Y. FL, not of Michx. ) — Varies considerably ; in one form with the fertile 



spikes filiform, and the flowers alternate and very distant on the rhachis. — 



Upland meadows, Rhode Island and Mass. to Pennsylvania. 



§11. Perigynia moderately inflated, conspicuously many -nerved, smooth or pubescent, 



with a straight beak terminating in 2 rigid more or less spreading teeth : bracts 



leaf-like, with very short sheathing bases, equalling or exceeding the culm : 



staminate spikes 1-5. 



* Perigynia with a short and thick beak, and short teeth. — Lacustres. ' 

 +- Perigynia hairy, sometimes glabrate, turgid-ovate. 



120. C. striata, Michx. (not of Ed. 1). Sterile spikes 3, the uppermost 

 slender-stalked ; fertile spikes 1 - 2, oblong, erect, remote, sessile or on short 

 stalks (or the lower rarely on a slender stalk) ; perigynia minutely hairy or 

 smoothish, or rarely smooth, rather thin, longer than the blunt or pointed scale, 

 the teeth usually scariously lobed at the base ; leaves and bracts long and nar- 

 row, rather rigid, involute, with slender or setaceous rough extremities. (C. 

 polymorpha, Ed. 1.) — Wet places, New Jersey to Virginia, and southward. 



121. C. Houghtdnii, Torr. Sterile spikes mostly 2 ; fertile 2 - 3, oblong 

 or cylindraceous, thicker and less distant, olive-colored ; perigynia hairy, thick- 

 walled, longer than the pointed or short-awn-tipped scale ; the teeth at the 

 orifice narrow and entire; leaves and bracts flat, shorter and broader, and culm 

 lower (9' - 15') than in the foregoing. — Wisconsin (Lake La Biche), Dr. 

 Houghton ; shore of Lake Ontario, Prof. Whitney ; Medford above Bangor, 

 Maine, J. Blake ; and northwestward. 



-i- -4- Perigynia very smooth, very finely many-nerved. 



122. C. riparia, Curtis. Sterile spikes 2-5, the uppermost stalked; fer- 

 tile spikes 2-3, oblong-cylindrical, erect, remote, nearly sessile, or the lowest 

 on a short stalk, large and thick (2' -3' long, 4" -6" wide), olive-colored ; peri- 

 gynia lanceolate-conical, coriaceous, tipped with rather slender short teeth, 

 longer than the lance-ovate awned scale. (C. laciistris, Willd. and former ed.) 

 — Borders of streams, ponds, and swamps: common. — Very robust, 3° -5° 

 high : leaves 3" -5" wide, and sheaths nodose-reticulated. (Eu.) 



123. C. palud6sa, Good. More slender, with spikes smaller, leaves nar- 

 rower, perigynia ovate, flattened, and more strongly nerved than the preceding, 

 the orifice merely notched, and hardly exceeding the awned scale. — Border of 

 a salt marsh at Dorchester, Mass., W. Bootl. (Nat. from Eu. ?) 



* * Perigynia with an elongated tapering beak and icith long and setaceous or aivn- 

 like spreading or divergent teeth. — Aristat.e. 



■*- Staminate spikes 2-5 (rarely with some fertile flowers) : fertile spikes remote, 

 erect, rather loose, the uppermost almost sessile, without sheaths, the lowest oflm 

 on an exscrted sometimes spreading peduncle : perigynia ascending. 



124. C. aristata, It. Br. Fertile spikes 2 - 4, cylindrical ; perigynia ovate- 

 lanceolate, smooth, tapering into a slender beak tipped with very slender at 

 length diverging awn-like teeth, longer than the ovate-lanceolate awned and 

 above hispid-ciliate scale ; culm smooth ; sheaths and under surface of the leaves 



