CYPERACE^E. ( SEDGE FAMILY.) 601 



the teeth, however, rough-serrulate). (C. monile, Dew. in 1845, not of Tuckerm. 

 C. vesicaria, var. cylindraeea, Dew.) — Swamps, Yates Co., New York, Sartwell, 

 to Illinois ? 



144. C. monile, Tuckerman. Sterile spikes 3, rarely 2 or 4 ; fertile spikes 

 mostly 2, rarely 3 or solitary, cylindraceous or cylindrical (l'-2£' long), mostly 

 slender, slightly or the lower when remote longcr-peduncled ; perigynia globulur- 

 ovate, very vcntricose, shining, abriqitly contracted into a short smooth beak, longer 

 than the ovate-lanceolate acute or scarcely pointed scale; culm slender (l°-3° 

 high), sharply triangular, rough on the angles ; leaves narrow (barely 2" wide). 



— Wet places: common, especially northward. — Perigynia 2"-2| ; ' long. 

 (C. vesicaria, var. alpigena, Fries, of N. Eu. appears to be a form of this.) 



145. C. Olneyi, Boott. Resembles the two preceding and C. vesicaria ; 

 the fertile spikes denser and thicker, short-cylindrical (1'- 1^' long) ; periqynia 

 (2^"-3" long) turgid-ovate, with the short beak rough-serrate at the apex and on 

 the awl-shaped teeth ; the scales acute or bluutish ; leaves (l"-2" broad) rough. 



— Wet ground, Providence, Khode Island, Olney. 



146. C. Tuckerm&ni, Boott. Sterile spikes about 2 ; fertile spikes 2-3, 

 commonly 3, oblong or cylindrical, stout, somewhat approximate, on rough stalks, 

 the lowest often nodding ; perigynia shining, thin and delicate, much inflated, ovate, 

 ascending, tapering into a rather abrupt slender and cylindrical smooth beak, 

 much longer than the ovate or lanceolate acute or short-pointed scale ; the very 

 long narrow bracts and leaves rough, much surpassing the rough-angled culm. 

 (C. bullata of authors, not of Schk. C. cylindrica of former ed. ; but the cylin- 

 drica of Schweinitz belongs mainly to the next or to some others, and is too 

 much confused for preservation.) — Swamps, W. New England to Pcnn., Illi- 

 nois, and northward. — Differs from the next in the more numerous and longer 

 fertile spikes (8'' -2' long), and the larger, more inflated and membranaceous 

 fruit (4" -5'' long), with a smooth beak. 



147. C. bull&ta, Sehk. Sterile spikes 2-3; fertile spikes most frequently 

 only one, sometimes 2, approximated, oblong or cylindrical, stout, sessile or on short 

 smooth stalks ; perigynia spreading, shining, turgid-ovate, tapering into a long cylin- 

 drical rough beak, much longer than the lanceolate pointless scale ; bracts and 

 leaves narrow, about the length of the smooth or roughish culm. (C. cylindrica, 

 Schw., at least in part, Tuckerm., &c. — Wet swamps, New England to Pcnn. 

 and southward, chiefly eastward. 



•*- -i- Fertile spikes globular or oblong, few -flowered. 



148. C. Oligosperma, Michx. Sterile spikes 1 -2, slender; fertile spikes 

 1-2, densely 6 - 18-flowered, the lower on a very short stalk ; perigynia turgid- 

 ovate (2|" long), tapering into a short minutely toothed beak, not much longer 

 than the ovate awnlcss scale ; culm very slender ; leaves and bracts involute. 

 (C. Oakesiana, Dew.) —Wet borders of ponds, &c., E. Mass. to N. New York, 

 Wisconsin, and northward, chiefly in cold or mountainous regions. 



* * Perigynia nerveless or nearly so: bracts mostly shorter than the culm. 

 •t- Perigynia pointed with a very short smooth beak, minutely 2-toothed at the apex: 

 stigmas either 2 or 3 : fertile spikes 2 or sometimes one, dense, short, usually 

 brown-purple or purplish, the upper almost sessile, the lower short-peduncled : ster- 



