638 GRAMINJSJE. (GRASS FAMILY.) 



at length somewhat involute leaves, crowded spikelets, hlunt and rigid glumes, 

 and pointless or mucronate-tipped palets ; the rhachis not disarticulating as in 

 T. junceum, L. (Eu.) 



2. T. dasystachyum, Gray. Perhaps a remarkable variety of the last, 

 but the glaucous leaves are narrow and often involute, and the 5 - 9-flowered 

 spikelets densely downy-hairy all over. (T. repens, var. dasystachyum, Hook.) — 

 Sandy shores of Lakes Huron and Superior, and northward. Aug. 



* * No obvious running rootstocks, glabrous, or the fiat and roughish leaves sometimes 

 hairy above: ■glumes as ivell as flowers mostly awned or awn-pointed. 



3. T. violaceum, Hornemann. Spike dense, strict and rigid, usually tinged 

 with violet or purple ; spikelets 3 - 5-flowered ; glumes conspicuously 5-nerved ; 

 awns straight, varying from half to nearly twice the length of the palet. (T. 

 Richardsbnii, Schrader. T. pauciflorum, Schweinitz.) — Mountains of Penn. 

 (Porter) ; in the alpine region of the "White Mountains (Tuckerman), Wiscon- 

 sin (Lapham), and northward. — Intermediate in character between the last and 

 the next. (Eu.) 



4. T. caninum, L. (Awned Wheat-Grass.) Spike usually more or less 

 nodding, at least in fruit, rather dense (3'-6' long); spikelets 3 - 5-flowered ; 

 glumes 3 - b-nerved ; awns mostly somewhat bent or spreading, fully twice the length of 

 the palet. — Sparingly naturalized in cult, ground and meadows. Indigenous 

 along our northern borders, in a slender form, which approaches the northwest- 

 ern T. divergens, Nees, or T. aegilopoides, Turczaninow, which has narrow and 

 convolute leaves, 5-7-nerved glumes, and widely diverging awns. (Eu.) 



45. HORDEUM, L. Barley. (PL 11.) 



Spikelets 1-flowcred, with an awl-shaped rudiment on the inner side, three at 

 each joint of the rhachis ; but the lateral ones usually imperfect or abortive, and 

 short-stalked. Glumes side by side in front of the spikelets, 6 in number, form- 

 ing a kind of involucre, slender and awn-pointed or bristle-form. Palets herba- 

 ceous, the lower (anterior) convex, long-awned from the apex. Stamens 3. 

 Grain oblong, commonly adhering to the palets. Spike often separating into 

 joints. Ours are annuals or biennials, or scarcely perennial. (The ancient 

 Latin name.) 



1. H. jubatum, L. (Squirrel-tail Grass.) Low; lateral flowers 

 abortive, on a short pedicel, short-awned ; the perfect flower bearing a capillary 

 awn (2' long) about the length of the similar capillary glumes, all spreading. — 

 Sandy sea-shore, upper Great Lakes, and westward. June. 



2. H. pratense, Huds. Low (6'- 1 8' high); lateral flowers imperfect or 

 neutral, awnless or merely pointed ; perfect flower with awn as long as those of 

 the glumes (3"- 6") ; spike linear, l'-2' long. (H. pusillum, Nutt. and former 

 ed.) — Plains, especially in saline soil, Ohio to Illinois and westward : also spar- 

 ingly introduced, Virginia and southward along the coast. May, June. 



46. ELYMUS, L. Lyme-Grass. Wild Rye. (PI. 11.) 



Spikelets 2-4 at each joint of the rhachis, all fertile and alike, sessile, each 

 1 - 7-flowered. Glumes conspicuous, nearly side by side in front of the spikelets, 



