70 NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. 



and stamens of Rhamnus. Germen free, immersed in disk ; cells 2, 

 1-ovulate. Fruit ovoid baccate (or sometimes drupaceous ?), apicu- 

 late to base of style and girt at base -with cupular receptacle, finally 

 corticate subdry, indéhiscent; endocarp membranous, 1-2-locular. 

 Albuminous seeds and other characters of Rhamnus. — Shrubs ; leaves 

 opposite or subopposite entire, with very closely lineate nerves ; 

 stipules small, deciduous; flowers 1 crowded in axillary subsimple 

 or fasciculate cymes. 2 (Trop, and South America?') 



3 ? Macro rhamnus H. Bn. 4 — Flowers hermaphrodite ; petals 5, 

 subtree (?). Petals and stamens... '? Germen free, 3-locular. 

 Fruit shortly ovoid drupaceous ; exocarp 5 separable ; lobes 3, at apex 

 2-fid ; endocarp woody 3-coccous ; cocci separable, parting elastic- 

 ally inwards. Seeds in cocci solitary suberect exarillate obovate 

 much compressed ; testa crustaceous nitid ; exalbuminous embryo 

 and other characters of Rhamnus. — A glabrous shrub; branches 

 nodose at leaves ; leaves subopposite or alternate ovate peuninerved, 

 at base, sub- 5-7 -nerved reticulate-veined; flowers axillary solitary (?) ; 

 fructiferous peduncles curved. 6 (Madagascar. 1 ) 



4. Karwinskia Zucc. s — Flowers of Rhamnidium ; germen free, 

 immersed in disk ; cells 2, 3, incomplete ; ovules in each 2, ascending. 

 Fruit of Rhamnidium (glandulous) ; putamen 1, 2-locular. Seeds 

 in cells solitary obovoid ; testa verrucose (dark coloured) ; albumen 

 thin; cotyledons of erect embryo ovate fleshy. — Shrubs; leaves 

 opposite or subopposite oblong peuninerved punctulate ; stipules 

 membranous, deciduous ; flowers in axillary cymes, oftener pedun- 

 culate in pairs. (North and West. South America} ) 



5. Emmenosperma F. Muell. 11 — Flowers (nearly of Rhamnus) 

 polygamous ; receptacle obconical or campanulate, lined with thin 



1 White or slightly green. 7 Spec. 1. M. elccipiens H. Bx. 



2 A genus very close to Rhamnus, distin- 8 Nov. Stirp. Fuse. i. 349, t. 16.— Endl. Gen. 

 guished only by its less deep receptacle, incom- n. 5723. — B. H. Gen. 377, n. 9. 



plete cells and indéhiscent fruit, its basilar ' A genus very near Rhamnidium, distin- 



cupule and apiculate style. guished chiefly by its 2-ovulate cells, a character 



3 Species about 7. Griseb. Cat. PI. Cub. 32. of very small value, since the cells of Bhamntu 



* Adansonia, xi. 273. are sometimes 2-ovulate (Payer, Organog. 491). 



* " Red." 10 Spec, about 3. Cav. le. t. 504 (Rhamnus).— 

 6 A genus imperfectly known, but apparently H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Spec. vii. 52, t. 618 



very close to Rhamnus, and distinguished chiefly [Rhamnus), — An. Br. Rhamn. 55 {Rhamnus). 



by its elastic dissilient fruit (nearly Enphor- — A. Gray, PL Wright, i. 33. 



biaceoui). ll Fragm. iii. 62.— B. H. Gen. 999, n. 21 a 



