84 ECONOMIC BOTANY OF ALABAMA. 



wood, including the water and willow oaks, which are 

 not listed separately by the ^Soutlieru Jjumhcrmau. 



The various hickories, elms, maples, ashes, etc., are 

 not distinguished in these publications, but lumbermen 

 could hardly be expected to do that, as their woods are 

 very similar. The "red gum" of the lumber trade is a 

 comparatively new name for the old familiar sweet gum, 

 whose wood was not regarded as having any value un- 

 til the scarcity of poplar began to be felt. Tupelo gum 

 is another wood which has come into use very recently, 

 for a similar reason; and the "tupelo" of the trade may 

 possibly include some of its near relative black gum, 

 which is not listed separately. Bay, listed by Harris 

 and Maxwell as "sweet magnolia," and said by them to 

 be cut in Alabama at the rate of 148,000 feet a year, is 

 not mentioned in the Southern Lumberman's directory, 

 but may be combined in that with some other wood of 

 the same family, such as poplar, cucumber or magnolia. 



In the interpretation of the statistics of kinds of wood 

 cut in each region the facts just mentioned need to be 

 constantly borne in mind. 



Illustrations. — All the half-tone figures are from the 

 writer's own photographs, except a few taken in former 

 years by Dr. Smith and other members of the Survey, 

 all of which are properly credited. Some of the latter 

 are especially valuable as showing the appearance of vir- 

 gin pine forests which have since been destroyed. 



