46 ECONOiMlC BOTANY OF ALABAMA 



6B. The dominant tree, originally constituting perhaps half the forest, 

 but now reduced by logging operations, and clearing the uplands, to 25% or 

 less. There were several large sawmills in this region 15 years ago, but 

 apparently only a few small portable mills now remain. Formerly turpen- 

 tined in Tuscaloosa and Autauga Counties, but that too seems to be almost 

 at an end. There seems to be very little young growth now. 



6C. Rather scarce, and only in eastern half. 



7. Not typical of the black belt, but grows in sandy soils in Dallas 

 County, and also on some clayey soils apparently derived from the Selma 

 chalk, a few miles southwest of Carlowville. 



8. Scattered, from Pike County eastward. The locality near Carlow- 

 ville, just mentioned, may also belong to this region. 



9. Scattered, but between Livingston and York it was abundant enough 

 to be sawn for lumber about twenty years ago. 



10 W. On the Buhrstone mountains^ and other poor ridges, and also 

 in some rather flat low areas, particularly in Butler County. Rarest in 

 Wilcox (the most fertile county south of the black belt) and apparently 

 commonest in Butler and Choctaw, where a few large mills are still cut- 

 ting it. 



10 E. Originally common on dry uplands, but now greatly reduced by 

 the clearing of these uplands for farming purposes. Rare or absent in i. 

 considerable area in Pike County (and there are similar spots in the same 

 region in Southwest Georgia). 



n. Scattered on the poorer soils. 



12. The dommant tree, originally constituting about half the forest, 

 but now greatly reduced by farming and lumbering. As late as 1919 there 

 were some magnificent virgin forests in southern Covington County, within 

 ten miles of the largest sawmill in the state (which is managing its holdings 

 scientifically), and some of that may be there yet. 



13. Originally ubiquitous except in swamps, etc., and constituting about 

 three- fourths of the forest, but now reduced by lumbering and farming to 

 little more than sapling thickets. It reproduces itself remarkably well in 

 this region, though, and will make another good crop of timber if ever given 

 a chance. 



Pinus Elliottii, Eng-elm. (Formerly confused with P. Cuhcnsis 

 Griseb.) Slash pine. 



(Map 7. Fig. 4) 



A tree similar in many ways to the precedinj.:^ (and often con- 

 fused with it by geologists and soil mappers), but with a different 

 bark (almost impossible to describe), usually a straighter trunk, 

 shorter leaves, and smaller and smoother cones. It blooms about a 

 month earlier than the long-leaf pine, and makes ]ilenty of seed 

 every year. It averages a little smaller than its relative, but I have 

 seen a specimen 40 inches in diameter in the southeastern portion 

 of Covington County. Its economic properties are much the same 

 as those of long-leaf, and many of the statements made about the 

 former will apply to this also. 



$See Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37:124. 1910. 



