60 ECONOMIC BOTANY OF ALABAMA 



6B (?). On a bare rocky knob between Cottondale and Duncanville. 

 Tuscaloosa County: apparently the only place in the coastal plain south of 

 \'irginia where it is native. 



There are unconfirmed reports (by Prof. Sargent, in a letter) of its 

 occurrence somewhere near Selma ; possibly an old field specimen, or some 

 other species mistaken for it in the herbarium. 



Pinus clausa (Kngelm.) Sarg. (Florida) Spruce pine. 



A small tree, much like the preceding (and once regarded as 

 a variety of it), but lielonging to warmer climates. The two prob- 

 a])Iy do not grow naturally within 200 miles of each other. Its 

 wood is soft and weak, and seldom used for any purpose, but it 

 would probably do for paper ptilp if there was enough of it. 



References: — Harper 13, Mohr 11, Wells & Rue. 



In Alabama it is confined to stationary dunes of pure white 

 sand on the coast of Baldwin County. It is otherwise known 

 only from Florida, where it is widely distril)uted, usually on the 

 same kind of soil. 



TSUGA, Carriere. The Hemlocks. 



Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr. 



(Eastern) Hemlock, or Spruce pine. 



A handsome evergreen tree, with short flat blunt leaves, which 

 make a dense shade. Blooms in spring. 



Although too rare to be of any importance in Alabama, this 

 species has many uses elsewhere. It is sometimes cultivated for 

 ornament or hedges in the North (more rarely in the Sotith), and 

 it also makes a pretty good Christmas tree. Sixteen horticultural 

 varieties of it have been named. In the mountains from New York 

 to Georgia, and also as far west as Michigan, its bark is gathered 

 in large quantities for tanning pttrposes, and the timber remaining 

 then often allowed to rot in the woods. Its wood makes pretty fair 

 lumber, though, something like some of the pines ; and its sap is 

 said to have some medicinal properties. 



References: — Frothingham, Harper 4. 1(5. Prentiss. 



Grows in cool shaded ravines and gorges, rarely or never 

 visited by fire. In Alabama confined to the coal region, and almost 



