148 ECONOMIC BOTANY OF ALABAMA 



County and Bridgeport in Wilcox (and Dr. ]\Iohr reported it from 

 Lisbon in Clarke, and Prof. Cocks from Hatcher's Bluff in 

 Dallas), but not at Selma. Cahaba, Clailjorne, or the railroad bridge 

 in Wilcox County, or in traveling upstream by steamlK)at a whole 

 afternoon from Dixie Landing at the northern edge of Baldwin 

 County (in October. 1912). I have no record of it from the Tom- 

 bigbee above Demopolis (where the Warrior comes in), or from 

 the Chattahoochee, or any of the smaller rivers of the coastal plain, 

 but of course it is not impossible that it will be found in some of 

 those places. ; 



CELTIS, Linnaeus. The HackbkrrjKs. 



Four or five species of this genus have been credited to Ala- 

 bama, some arborescent and some shrubby, but within each group 

 they do not seem to differ in any important particular. Our arbor- 

 escent ones have been referred to C. occidcutalis L.. C. laevigata 

 Koch. C. Mississippicnsis Bosc. and C. Siiiallii Beadle, which are 

 supposed to differ more or less in the dentation of the leaves, 

 length of pedicels, etc. But they all have about the same habitats 

 and economic properties, and the alleged differences are of no 

 particular concern to persons not botanists. For the present they 

 will be treated as one species, under the oldest name. 



Celtis occidentalis, L. Hackberrv. (Sugar-berry.) 



(Fig. 43) 



A large or medium-sized tree, with unsymmetrical toothed 

 roughish leaves, and small berries (drupes) with large stones and 

 thin sweetish pulp. The bark is very characteristic, being com- 

 monly studded with warty protuberances, which may be an inch 

 high. Sometimes these run together and make an ordinary-look- 

 ing longitudinally ridged bark, or (in Florida at least) they may 

 be entirely absent, leaving a smooth gray bark scarcely distinguish- 

 able from that of the beech. 



The tree is commonly cultivated for shade, es]:)ecially in Mont- 

 gomery. The wood is not durable, but is said to be used to some 

 extent for boxes, woodenware, and interior finish. (For further 

 information see Circular 75 of the U. S. Forest Service.) The 

 berries are edilile, but have so little pulp around the stone that they 



