108 NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. 
vided with small petals, squamiform, rarely lanceolate (but in this 
ease flat not cucullate), generally little visible. Calyx generally 
coloured, sometimes accrescent. Stamens fertile, oppositipetalous, 
generally the same in number as the petals. Anthers two-celled 
introrse or extrorse, dehiscing by clefts or pores. Staminodes 
alternipetalous, wanting or little developed. Carpels independent, 
or united into an ovary or into a plurilocular fruit. Seeds often 
arillate.—(7 genera.) 
VIII. Matvem.—Flowers naked or with epicalyx, petalous. 
Petals united only at their base among themselves, and with the 
base of a monadelphous androceum. Tube of androceum covered out- 
wardly in its upper part as far as the apex with one-celled extrorse 
anthers. Carpels 1-, united in a single verticel, most generally 
separated from the central columella at maturity. Ovules l-». 
Albumen nil or little abundant. Embryo with foliaceous cotyledons 
2-plicate, or crumpled, contortuplicate.—(16 genera.) 
IX. Matorrz.—Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth and andro- 
ceum like Malvee. Carpels æ, independent, arranged without 
apparent order at maturity upon the common receptacle. Ovaries 
one-celled, with single ascending ovule. Free achenes.—(3 genera.) 
X. Urexeæ.— Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth of Malvee. 
Column of the androceum supporting above and without, an indefi- 
nite number of stamens with one-celled anthers, truncate and quinque- 
dentate at the summit. Carpels 5, separating from the receptacle at 
maturity. Styles double in number to the carpels (5 opposite the 
petals and 5 alternate). Seed and embryo of M/alvee.—(5 genera.) 
XI. Hisiscrm.—F lowers hermaphrodite. Perianth of JM€alvee. 
Column of androceum truncate or 5-dentate at summit very rarely 
covered with anthers inserted on its exterior surface. Style with 
branches equal in number to the ovary cells. Fruit plurilocular, not 
separating from the receptacle at maturity. Seed and embryo of 
Malvee, or with thick or much contortuplicate cotyledons.— 
(S genera.) 
XII. Bompacrm.—Flowers hermaphrodite, petalous. Calyx gamo- 
sepalous, uregularly dehiscing, torn, lobed or truncate, or more 

rarely with five deep clefts, and imbricated. Stamens often mona- 
delphous to a variable distance, then separating into 5-10 bundles, 
themselves ramified and each supporting one or 2-% anthers, one- 
