MALVACEÆ. 143 
pyle extrorse inferior, or very rarely subtransverse or descendent ; 
micropyle introrse superior (JJalvastrum) ; style branches equal in 
number to cells, either filiform inwardly longitudinally stigmati- 
ferous (Zumalva, Callirhoe), or truncate stigmatiferous, or clavate or 
capitate (Malvastrum, Phyllanthophora) at apex. Mature carpels © in 
depressed verticillate globe, shortly cylindrical, separating from short 
cylindrical or conically prominent axis, indehiscent or more rarely 2- 
valved, sometimes shortly spinose dorsally (Phyllanthophora), erostrate 
(Zumalva), or more or less long rostrate; cavity of beak sometimes 
separated into cells by horizontal processus (Callirhoe). Seeds ascen- 
dent, reniform ; embryo exalbuminous or more rarely scarcely albu- 
minous between the folds, curved ; cotyledons foliaceous, more or less 
plicate or contortuplicate, more or less involving short inferior radicle, 
folded.—Herbs, sometimes suffrutescent at base; leaves alternate, 
usually angular, lobed or dissected, sometimes cordate or partite ; 
stipules 2-lateral ; flowers axillary, solitary, or in cymes, pedunculate 
or subsessile ; cymes sometimes in terminal racemes ; pedicels rarely 
petiolate, adnate to leaves of flowers (Phy/lanthophora) ; involucel 
under flower of 3 bractlets (Awmalva), free, or more rarely 1, 2, 
small (MJalvastrum), constant, sometimes 0 (4/ Temperate regions, 
Warm America, Southern Africa). See p. 86. 
43. Althea L'—Flowers nearly of Aalva; carpels ©, in a 
depressed globe at maturity, rising above or equal to the short axis, 
sometimes scarcely longer than conical axis (O/é7a’), or crowned with 
variously dilated axis (Lavatera’), rarely membranous at margin 
(Alcea‘), finally separating at axis, indehiscent; seed and other 
characters of Malva.—Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes high 
tomentose (Hwalthea), or more rarely shrubs or trees ; leaves angular, 
lobed, or partite; flowers’ axillary, solitary, pedunculate, or in 

1 L., Gen. n. 839,—ADANS., Fam. des Pl., 3 L., Gen. n. 839.—DC., Prodr., i. 438.— 
ii. 400.—J., Gen. 272.—GÆRTN., Fruct., t. Spacn, Suit. à Buffon, iii. 337.—ENDL., Gen. 
136,—LamK., Dict., iii. 58; Suppl, ii, 862; n. 5269.—B. H., Gen, 200, n. 5.—Stegia 
Ill, t. 581—DC., Prodr., i. 436,—Spacx, Mancu, Meth., 609.—DC., Fl. Fr., iv. 583. 
Suit. à Buffon, iii, 354.—ENDu., Gen., n. 5270. 
—H. By., in Payer Fam. Nat., 282.—B. H., 
Gen., 200, n. 4 (inel.: Alcea L., Ferberia Scop., 
Lavatera L.). 
2 Mepix., Walv., 41.—Savignonia WEBB, 
Fl. Canar., 30, t. 13.—Navæa Wess, loc. cit., 
32, t. 1, c. 
4 L., Gen., n. 840.—DC., Prodr., i. 437.— 
Rercxe., Ze, Fl. Germ., v. 175. 
5 White, pink, somewhat purple, or very rarely 
pale yellow. 
