TILIACE. 187 
bura Li; in all the warm regions of the globe a great many Trium- 
fettas and herbaceous species of Corchorus have the same reputation. 
These last, rich in water or in syrup of a gummy consistence, and 
without other flavour than that given to them by various sauces, are 
used as vegetables under the name of Cvretes, like our spinage and 
lettuce ; such are principally C. olitorius L. (fig. 194), acutangulus L., 
tridens Li, capsularis Li, depressus, &c. The flowers are often 
slightly odoriferous in the preceding genera; those of the Limes 
have a soft fragrance, often ethereal. The bees pillage them of 
an aromatic juice much used in medicine, in infusions, in dis- 
tilled waters, as digestives, diaphoretics, sedatives, and antispasmo- 
dics. In Grewia the fruit is often partly fleshy and edible, sweet and 
acidulate, sometimes employed* in tropical countries in the prepara- 
tion of cooling drinks and sherbet. The flesh of several Asiatic* 
species of E/eocarpus have the same reputation ; it is eaten alone, or 
confected with sugar. But in most of the species of the two last 
genera the leaves are astringent, and the bark tonic, aromatic, or 
bitter, containing a certain amount of tannin. In Asia Grewia Mi- 
crocos L. and orientalis L., are also valued as astringents.’ 
Some species serve, for the same reason, in the preparation of skins 
and leather. In Brazil, the Zuheas are used in the same way.’ In 
the Limes themselves, the bracts which accompany the flowers are 
considered to give to the infusions a slight degree of astringency. 
Several American species of 7riumfetta’ are both astringent and muci- 

1 Especially 7. angulata Lamx., in India 
lanceolatus Bu., tuberculatus RoxB., tectorius 
and Tropical Africa; in Java, 7. annua Li, 
(Craspedum tectorium LoUR.), macrophyllus Bu. 
spicata Bu., pseudo-angulata Bu,; in India, 7! 
pilosa Rotu, oblongata Lamx., trilocularis 
Roxs.; in America, 7. havannensis H. B. K. 
and altheoides LAMXK. 
2 C. Antichorus RœusoH (ex DC. — Anti- 
chorus depressus Li. FIL, Mantiss., 64.—DC., 
Prodr., i. 504.—Jussiæa edulis Forsk., Æg- 
arab., 210.—Carrictera Scor. 
3 Among others, those of G. asiatica L., 
sapida RoxB., hirsuta Vaut, tiliæfolia Van, 
in India; of G. megalocarpa P, BEAUV., in 
Guinea. In Abyssinia those of G. echinulata 
Det., and of G. discolor FRes. (vulg. Somaya) 
are eaten. Those of a Grewia, named in 
the country Matangourré, are astringent and 
used in making ink. 
4 Especially Æ. Ganitrus Roxs., 
tus L., Perim-kara DC. 
serra- 
Tulpai of. India), 
(Ganitrus oblongum RUMPx.), angustifolius Bu., 
and Æ. cyaneus SIMS (figs. 199-201), Austra- 
lian species (see ROSENTH., op. cit., 733, 1148). 
The Andjang-annjanc of India, a plant with 
oleaginous seeds, is an Eleocarpus. 
5 G. columnaris SM., and asiatica L., are dis- 
tinguished as such; the latter is valued as an 
antisyphilitic. In Abyssiuia some species are 
used as astringents. 
§ Principally Z. paniculata Marv. and Azoite 
cavallos, that is to say, LZ. grandiflora Marr. 
and divaricata Mart, The former is used in 
making gun stocks; the two latter furnish 
crooks used in keeping sheep. 
7 «Plores..., dum infunduntur, 
validius adstringentibus caule 
(EnDt., loc. cit.) 
8 Principally 7. 
a bracteis 
separandi.” 
semitriloba L., sepium 
