188 NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. 
laginous. The fleshy fruits of Aristotelia Maqui (figs. 208-210)! are 
eaten in Chili, and also used in making a kind of wine. In spite of 
the generic name of Æ/eocarpus, it is a mistake to say that the peri- 
carp contains oil, like that of the Olives. But the seeds of some 
species certainly contain it; as do also those of the Limes, some- 
times roasted, and used as asubstitute for cocoa. The seeds of Cor- 
chorus olitorius are purgative. 
As a textile substance the liber of the Limes has been used for 
centuries in the manufacture of mats, cordage, cables, string, coarse 
stuffs and even paper. The thread of Jute or Paat, which is imported 
so largely by Europe from Asia and tropical Africa, is furnished by 
the bark of Corchorus olitorius and some neighbouring species.* The 
arborescent Ziliacee have often a useful wood. That of the Euro- 
pean and American Limes is employed for many domestic purposes, 
in building, carving, &c.; charcoal of a good quality is prepared 
from it. Some species of Grewia in the Old World, particularly the 
Dhamnoo of India, or G. elastica RoY1r,' some Hle@ocarpus ; in Brazil, 
Luhea ; in Asia and tropical Australia, Berrya Amomilla,’ has also a 
useful wood, often solid, enduring, elastic, good for carpenters’ and 
wheelwrights work, &c. Some species of Corchorus are mentioned in 
the Eastas tinctorial plants. In Peru, Vallea cordifolia KR. & Pav. 
is said to furnish a yellow dye. The nuts of several species of 
Indian Æeocarpus, particularly those of #. Ganitrus,’ are known to 
collectors by their hardness, and the use that is made of them for 
the toilette; they are carved more or less finely, set in gold, or in- 
crusted with stones and jewels. Collars and chaplets are made of 
them which are sometimes of a high price. Several species of H/go- 
carpus have charming flowers,’ white, red or yellowish, whose laci- 

A. S. H. and eriocarpa A. S. H., which grow in 
Brazil by the wayside and are used in the treat- 
ment of gonorrhea. They bear the common 
name of Carapixo de caleada (Linvu., F1. 
Med., 148). 
1 Lufr., Stirp., ii. 31, t. 16.—Mér. & Dex, 
Dict. Mat. Méd., i. 417.—H. EN, in Dict. 
Encyel. Se. Méd., vi. 125. This plant is used 
in dyeing black. 
2 RoxBURGH is said not to have succeeded in 
extracting it. The fruits bear in India the 
common names of Tulpai, Julpai. 
3 That is to say, C. capsularis L, (Spec., 
746.—GzRTN., Fruct., t. 129), acutangulus 
Lamx.,(Dict.,ii. 104),trilocularis L., tridens L.,&c. 
4 From it are made very flexible bows, the 
shafts of carriages, handles of whips, &e. 
5 Roxs., Cat. Hort. Cale., 42.—DC., Prod», 
i. 518. Its light wood, named by the English 
Trincomale wood, is used in Madras in the con- 
struction of craft, called Massoola boats. 
6 Fl. Per., 182.—DC., Prodr., i. 520, n. 2. 
It is probably only a variety of V. stipularis 
Mur. (ex L. ¥., Suppl., 266). 
7 Ganitrus spherica GERIN., Fruct., ii. 271, 
t. 189, fig. 6(?). See Rumpn., Herb. Amboin., 
t. 101.—Burm., Zeyl., 30, t. 40. 
8 See Bot, Mag., t. 4680. 
