346 NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. 
embryo.’ There are some hundred species* of this genus, although 
twice as many have been described. They are herbs, rarely frute- 
scent, two-thirds of which belong to the temperate regions of the 
northern hemisphere. The others are met with in the mountainous 
parts of South America, in Australia, New Zealand, and South 
Africa. The leaves are alternate, entire, or more or less cut, accom- 
panied by two lateral stipules, generally foliaceous, wide, with 
lamina often deeply divided. The flowers are axillary, pedunculate, 
generally solitary, with two or three bractlets inserted on the 
peduncle at a variable height.* 
Beside the Violets are placed several genera; they have all nearly 
the same corolla, with a dilatation of varied shape above the base of 
the inferior petal. They only differ from each other in characters 
of little value; such as the presence or absence of a prolongation 
below the insertion of the sepals, the form and consistence of the 
capsular fruit, the shape of the style and seeds, the consistence of 
the stems, and the mode of inflorescence.* These are the genera 
Hybanthus, Agation, Schweiggeria, Anchietea, Noisetlia, and Corynostylis. 
Ill. SAUVAGESIA SERIES. 
The flowers of Sauvagesia’ (figs. 370-375) are hermaphrodite and 
regular. Upon the conical receptacle are inserted five sepals quin- 
cuncially imbricated, and five equal alternate petals, arranged in 
contorted præfloration in the bud. The androceum is formed of ten 

1 Often greenish. 
2 Cav., Icon., t. 529, 531.—H. B. K., Nov. 
Gen, et Spec., t. 492, 493.—-Retcus., Ze. F1, 
Germ., iii. t. 1-23 bis.—A. S. H., Pl. Rem. 
Brés., 275, t. 26; Fl. Bras. Mer., ii. 135.— 
Wient, Jil., t. 18.—Wient & ARN., Prodr., i, 
31.—Roytr, Jil. Himal., t. 18.—Hook, Fr. & 
Tuoms., Fl. Brit. Ind., i, 182.— Parr. & 
Enpu., Nov, Gen. et Spec., t. 165, 166.—C. 
Gay, Fl. Chil., i. 205.—Tr. & PL., in Ann. Se. 
Nat., sér. 4, xvii. 119, — Grises., Il. Brit. 
W.-Ind., 26.— Cuarm., Fl, 8. Unit. St., 33. 
—A. Gray, Man., ed. 5, 76; Unit. St. Lxpl. 
Exp., Bot., i. 83.—Bunvu., Fl. Austral., i. 98. 
—Hoox. F., Handb. New Zeal. F1. 16.— 
Boiss., F1, Or., i. 450.—Harv. & Sonp., Fl. 
Cap., i. 73.—Outv., Fl. Trop. Afr., i. 15.— 
Tuz., in Ann. Se, Nat., sér, 5, ix. 299.—Tr, & 
Pr,, in Ann, Sc. Nat. sér. 4, xvii. 119.—Mi@., 
Fl. Sum., 159.—Ovprm., Viol.,7—Tuw., Cat. 
Pl, Zeyl., 20.—GREN. & Govr., Fl. de Fr. i. 
175.—Watp., Rep., i. 218; ii. 766; v. 59; 
Arn., i. 65; ii. 65; iv. 282; vii. 809, 
3 De Gineins has divided this genus into 
five sections, founded principally on the form 
of the style: 1. Nominium ; 2. Dischidiwn (gen. 
Chrysion Spach); 3. Chamemelanium (gen. 
Lophion Spacn); 4. Melanium (Jacea DC. ;— 
Gen. Mnemion Sracn); 5. Leplidium. 
4 For these differences, which it would be 
superfluous to repeat, see Genera, 
5 L., Gen. n. 286.—J., Gen. 426—DC., 
Prodr., i. 315.—A. S. H., in Mém. Mus., xi. 11, 
t. 6, 7.—ENDL., Gen., n. 5050,— Payer, Fam. 
Nat., 91.—B. H., Gen., 120, n. 18.—SCHNIZL., 
Iconogr., fase. 14, t. 191.— Sauvage NEOK. 
ÆElem., n. 1118.—ApaAns,, Fam. des Pl., ii. 
449.—Trion P. Br., Jam., 179, t. 12, fie. 3. 
