RUTACEÆ. 397 
two-celled, introrse anther, dehiscing by two longitudinal clefts.' 
The carpels, supported by a foot formed by a prolongation of the 
receptacle, more or less thickened at the base into a glandular 
Zanthoxylum fraxineum. 
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Fia. 433. 
Female inflorescence. 
Fre. 434, 
Female flower (+). 
Fie, 435. 
Long. sect. of female 
flower (5). 
Fie, 436. 
Dehiscent fruit (3). 
disk, are free, superposed to the petals; each of them comprises 
a one-celled ovary, surmounted by a style dilated stigmatiferous 
at the apex, free or uniting with that of the other styles. In 
the internal angle of the ovary is a vertical placenta supporting 
two descending ovules, collateral, or 
nearly so, with the micropyle, directed 
upwards and outwards.* In the female 
flowers, the stamens are rudimentary, re- 
duced to filaments or entirely disappear- 
ing. In the male flowers, the receptacle 
is much less elongated, and the carpels 
rudimentary or nil; the fruit is composed 
of shells, drupaceous, or finally dry,* dehiscing vertically to a variable 
distance in two lateral panels,‘ allowing a seed to escape, generally sup- 
ported by a long funicle (fig. 436), and containing under its thick black- 
ish shining coats’ a fleshy albumen, enveloping a straight arched or for- 
nicate embryo, with foliaceous cotyledons, and a short superior radicle. 
Zanthoxylum fraxineum. 

Fie. 437. 
Seed (3). 
Fie, 438, 
Long. sect. of seed. 

1 The pollen is formed of ellipsoidal grains 
4 The thin endocarp often separates at the 
with three grooves. In water they become 
moment of dehiscence from the more exterior 
oval or spherical with three bands with (Z,. 
instrumentarium) or without (Z. triphyllum) 
papilla upon the bands. (H. Monn, in Ann. 
Sc. Nat., sér. 2, iii. 339.) 
2? They have two coats. 
* The outer service is sprinkled with glan- 
dular odorous reservoirs. 
layer of the pericarp. 
5 In the seed of Z. fraxineum are dis- 
tinguished: externally, a smooth membrane 
shining, thin, and black; more internally, a 
testaceous, thick, blackish coat; then round the 
albumen a third layer, soft, pale, and mem- 
branous, 
