398 NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. 
Instead of being provided with a corolla, as in the species of 
which it has been proposed to make the subgenus Fagara,' the 
Zanthoxylons may have, as we have seen, apetalous flowers; they 
belong in this case to the subgenus Luzanthoaxylum.’ In both the 
number of the pieces in the verticil of the perianth and androceum 
varies from two to six, and that of the carpels from five or six to 
only one; sometimes, again, the perianth becomes rudimentary, or 
is totally wanting. In an American species, as yet imperfectly 
known, which has received the significant name of Z. syncarpum,* 
the carpels, instead of being independent, are united into a pluri- 
locular ovary; but we are unable at present to make this species 
anything but a subgenus, although it has been proposed to dis- 
tinguish it generically under the name of Perijæe* Thus comprised, 
the genus Zanthoxylon comprehends about eight species,’ arborescent 
or frutescent, glabrous or pubescent, unarmed or thorny,’ natives of 
all hot regions. The leaves are alternate, usually compound impa- 
ripinnate, more rarely reduced to three folioles or one; these are 
generally opposite, articulate, and always besprinkled with glandular 
punctures. The flowers’ are disposed in the axil of the leaves at the 
summit of the branches, in spikes or racemes of cymes more or less 
ramified, with pedicels generally articulated. 
Beside Zanthoxylon are placed several very nearly allied genera: 
Evodia, only absolutely distinguished from it by its opposite 

1 L., Gen., n. 1109.—Lamk., Dict., ii. 626; 
Ill, t. 84.—Turp., in Dict. Se. Nat., At], t. 
127.—Tr. & PL, in Ann, Sc. Nat., sér. 5, xiv. 
310. — Pterota P. Br. Jam., 146, t. 5. — 
Tobinia DESVX., in Ham. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ., 
56. — Grises., Fl. Brit. W.-Ind., 136. — 
Rhetsa Wieut & ARN., Prodr., i, 147. — 
Typalia Dennst., Hort. Malab., v. 34. — 
Lacaris HAM. (ex Wall. Cat., n.7119).—Mac- 
queria CoMMERs. (ex J., Gen., 374.—A. Juss., 
loc, cit., t, 38 c).—Kampmannia RAFIN., in 
N.-York Med. Repos, ii, hex. v. 350, — 
Ochroxylum Sconrezs., Gen. 826. — Curtisia 
SCnREB , op. cit., 199 (nec Arr.).—Pentanome 
Moc & Sess., Fl. Mex. ined, (ex DC., Prodr., 
n. 2).—Langsdorfia LEANDR., in Act. Monae. 
(1819), 229.—Pohlana Ners & Marv., in Nov. 
Act. Nat, Cur, xi. 185.—Blackburnia Forst., 
Char. Gen., t.6.—DC., Prodr., i. 83.—A. Juss., 
in Mém. Mus., xii, 510.— ENpz., Gen., n. 
5973.—Blackbournea K., in Ann. Sc. Nat. 
sér. 1, ii, 356. 
2 Enpz., Gen., n. 5972 a.—Tr. & Pt.., loc. 
cit., 310. 
3 Tux. in Ann. Se. Nat., sér, 3, vii. 279. 
4 Tun., loc. cit., 280.—Tr. & PL, loc. cit., 
309. 
5 A.S.H., Fl. Bras. Mer., i. 74, t. 15; PI. 
Us. Bras., n. 37; PI. Rem. Brés., i. 150.— 
Torr. & Gr., Fl. N.-Amer., i. 214.—Tvt., in 
Ann. Se. Nat., sér. 3, vii. 272.—GRISEB., 74. 
Brit. W.-Ind., i, 186-138.—Tr. & Pu., loc. 
cit., 311,—Hanv. & Sonp., Fl. Cap., i, 445.— 
A. Gray, Unit.-St. Expl. Exp., Bot., i. 354; 
Man. ed. 5, 75.—Cuarm., Fl, S. Unit.-St., 
66.—C. Gay, Fl. Chil., i, 482.—Otntv., Fl. 
Trop. Afr. i. 804—M1Q., Fl. Ind.-Bat., i. 
p. ii. 670; Suppl. t. 532.—Brnru., FV. Austr., 
i. 362.—Watp., Rep. i. 519; ii. 825; v. 
396 ; Ann. i. 157; ii. 208; iv. 414; vii. 527. 
5 Sometimes they bear prickles, straight or 
curved, seattered over the stems, petals, stalks, 
and the nerves of the leaves; sometimes they 
are thorns like pads, seeming to take the 
place of stipules. 
7 Small white or greenish, glandular, odori- 
ferous, sometimes without perianth. They 
often open in spring, before the development 
of the leaves, 
