RUTACEÆ. 445 
DC., Pterota K. In Eastern Asia several species are used as con- 
diments and drugs. Z. piperitum,' of Japan, has in all its parts the 
warm, pungent flavour of Anacylus Pyrethrum. Several Chinese species 
bear the significant name of /oatsiao (Pepper-flower).’ 2. alatum,* 
and zeylanicum' are also prized as bitter and aromatic. 2. Lhetsa, 
from the mountains of India, has bitter, pungent inner bark ; the 
fruits are used in the same way as black pepper. 2. Budrunga,' of 
India, is also recommended as digestive, stomachic, and stimulant. 
In America several other species enjoy an analogous reputation. 
Z. hyemale' and Langsdorfii, of Brazil, have an aromatic bitter bark ; 
the former is copiously employed in powder as a remedy for ear affec- 
tions, and ophthalmia. Z. fernatum, of the Antilles, whose bark 
has sometimes been substituted for that of the Geoffree of the same 
country, is reputed astringent, vulnerary, antirheumatical, and anti- 
syphilitic. 2. emarginatum," of the same country, has a close hard 
wood, the odour of which is aromatic, as are all other parts of the 
plant. It is one of the Rose-woods or Rhodes-woods which come to 
us from America. Z. senegalense" is also considered as aromatic, sudo- 
rific, and stimulant. The same properties are found to a high degree 
in the different varieties of 7oddalia asiatica,” especially those named 
aculeata® and inermis,“ and which, under the common name of Pied. 
de-poule® (Hen’s-foot), are used in India and the Mascareigne Islands 
as a bitter pungent stomachic drug and condiment, and as a febrifuge. 
The Zvodias are analogous by their qualities to the preceding genera. 

1 DC., Prodr., n. 10.— Linvt., Fl. Med. 
217. — RosENTH., op. cit, 875.— KÆMPF., 
Amen., t. 893.—Fagara piperita L., Spec., 172 
(vulg. Seo, Sansjo des Jap., Peppel-mool Bacce 
Fagare s. Piper japonicum Off.). 
2 DC., Prodr., n. 36.—ROSENTH., op, cit., 
874.— ? Fagara piperita Lour. 
3 Roxs., Fl. Ind., iii. 768.— Lino, F1. 
Med., 217.—HANguRY, in Pharm. Journ., sér. 
2, ii. 554,.—Z. hastile WALL. 
4 DC., Prodr., n. 42.—ROSENTH, op. cit. 
874.—Fagara Lunu-ankenda GæÆRTN., Fruct., 
i. 334, t. 68 (ex DC.). 
5 DC., loc. cit., n. 38.—ROSENTH., op. cit., 
875.—Fagara Rhetsa Roxs., Fl. Ind., 438. 
6 DC., Loc. cit., n. 41.—ROSENTH. op. cit., 
876.—Fagara Budrunga Roxs., Fl. Ind., i. 
437. 
4 À. S. H, Pl. Us. Bras, n. 37 (vulg. 
Coentrillo).— ? X. Culantrillo H. B. K., Nov. 
Gen. et Spec., vi. 2.—Tr., in Ann. Se. Nat., 
sér. 5, xiv. 312. 
8 Mart., ex ROSENTH., op. cit., 876 (vulg. 
Tembetaru). 
9 Sw., Fl. Ind. Occ., i. 570.—Enpt., En- 
chirid., 610.— Fagara ternata Sw., Prodr. 
Fl. Ind. Occ., 33. 
10 Sw., Fl. Ind. Oce., i. 572.—DC., Prodr., 
loc. cit, n. 18.— RosENTH., op. cit., 875 
(Lignum Rorum v. L. Rhodium Jam.). 
N DC., Prodr., n. 14.—? Z. polygamum 
Scuum. & THonn., Beskr., 483.—Fagara zan- 
thoxyloides LaMK., Dict., ii, 446, 
12 Paullinia asiatica L., Spec., 524. 
13 Prrs., Hnchirid., i. 249,—DC., Prodr., ii. 
83.—RosENTH., op. cit., 876. 
4 Vepris inermis COMMERS., herb, — A. 
Juss.in Mém. Mus., xii. 509, t. 26, fig. 41. 
—? Toddalia paniculata Lamx., Ill., t. 13, 
fig. 2. 
5 We may possibly ascribe to this plant the 
origin of the racine de Jean Lopez (root of 
John Lopez) (Gurs., Drog, Simpl., éd. 6, iii. 
560). 
