RUTACE A. 451 
treatment of paralysis, spermatorrhæa, &e. Peganum Harmala’ (figs. 
506-510) is sudorific, anthelmintic, and an emmenagogue. Its 
odour is strong and disagreeable, and its flavour resinous-bitter and 
tenacious. In Persia it is used in fermentations for dropsy in the feet. 
The seeds are stimulating and intoxicating; they are used as condi- 
ments, and also furnish a red colour.2 There are also some tinctorial 
Rutacee. The bark of Samandura indica serves, with that of Morinda 
umbellata, in preparing Indian muslins, and in dyeing them red. The 
Zanthorylons owe their power of dyeing yellow to the presence of 
wanthopicrite ; such are: especially Z. frawineum (figs. 433-438), caro- 
hinianum, Rhetsa, &e. The Coriarias are almost all tinctorial plants, 
especially Coriaria myrtifolia’ (figs. 521-525). The leaves, which 
have, it is said, been used in the adulteration of senna, and which 
are venomous, serve to dye black, and also to tan leather in 
Languedoc, and in North Africa. The fruits are also dangerous, 
although the fleshy perianth which accompanies them prompts man 
to eat them, and has, perhaps, been fraudulently used in colouring 
wine.‘ It is true that in New Zealand, C. sarmentosa,’ the seeds of 
which are venomous, is valued for the fleshy part of its fruit, from 
which a much-esteemed intoxicating drink is made. ‘There are 
also in those of C. xepalensis’ a pulpous part which is eaten safely. 
At Quito the natives, who partake immoderately of those of C. 
thymifolia,’ show at first all the phenomena of a delirious gaiety ; 
but they finally succumb. In Chili, © ruscifolia* is used in dyeing 
black. The fruits of Balanites egyptiaca’ (figs. 460-463) have pro- 

1 L,, Spec,, 638.— Lamx., IU., t. 401. — 
Buzz, Herb., t. 343.—DC., Prodr., i. 712.— 
RosentH., op, cit., 883 (Madu v. Ilyyavor 
äyopor Diosc.—Vulg. Harmel, Armel). 
2 Mog., upon a new pl. tinct. P. Harmala (in 
Pol, Lit. Journ. H,-Garonne, June, 1840, n. 
82). P. mexicanum GRAY, is used as a de- 
purative. 
3 L., Spec., 1467. — LAMK., J/l., t. 822.— 
DuxaM., Arbr., i. t. 73.—DC., Prodr., i. 739, 
n. 1.—Turp., in Dict. Sc. Nat., Atl., t. 288, 
289.—Linpu., Fl. Med., 223.—Gutin., Drog. 
Simpl., éd. 6, iii, 368, 596, fig. 670, 733.— 
Rév., in Fl. Médic, du xix® Siècle, iii. 185.— 
Rosentu., Syn. Pl. Diaphor. 774 (vulg., 
Redon, Redoux, Corroyère, Herbe aux tanneurs, 
Sumac des teinturiers). 
4+ The active principle is coryamyrtine (RIBAN, 
in Compt. Rend., Nov. 1863), glycoside crys- 
tallizable, very bitter, producing sickness, convul- 
sions, and death, without directly irritating the 
mucus of the stomach, and without destroying 
the muscular contractility. 
5 Forst., Prodr., 377 (vulg. Tupa hihi). 
6 Don, in Wall. Pl. As. Rar., t. 289. 
7 H.,in W. Spec., iv. 819.—JAMES, On the 
Ink Plant of N.-Granada (in Journ. Linn, Soe., 
vii. 120).— Heterocladus caracusan Us. Turc. 
in Bull. Mose. (1847), ii. 152. 
8 L., Spec., 1467.—FeEurzx., Per., iii. 17, t. 
12. 
9 DEL, Fl. dHy., 77, t. 28, fig. 1.—DC., 
Prodr., i. 708.—GuittemM. & Perr., Fl. Sen. 
Tent., i. 103.—Guin., Drog. Simpl., éd. 6, iii. 
287, 441.— Méfr. & Dex, Dict. Mat. Méd., i. 
111, 537; vi. 977; vii. 91.—RosrntTH., Syn. 
Pl. Diaphor., 755.—Outy., Fl. Trop. Afr., i. 
315.—H. By., in Dict. Eneycl. Se. Méd., viii. 
276.—Ximenia egyptiaca L., Spec., 1194.—X. 
Jerox Porr., Dict., viii. 805.— Agihalid P. 
AzP,, Ag., 29, t. 11. B. Roxburghii (PL, 
in Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 4, ii. 258), an allied 
GG? 
