180 MAMMALIA. 
nearly equalled the Elephant ; Tap. giganteus, Cuv-, Oss. Foss. 
tom. IT.(1) 
FAMILY III. 
SOLIPEDES. 
The Solipedes are quadrupeds which have only one appa- 
rent toe, and a single hoof to each foot, although under the 
skin, on each side of their metatarsus and metacarpus, there 
are spurs representing two lateral toes. One genus only is 
known, that of 
Equus, Lin., 
The Horse has six incisors in each jaw, the crowns of which, at an 
early age, are marked with a fossula, and six molars throughout, 
with a square crown, marked by laminz of enamel which dip into 
them, with four crescents, and in the upper ones, with a small disk 
on the inner edge. The male has also two small additional canini 
in the upper jaw, and sometimes in both, which are almost always 
wanting in the female. Between these canini and the first molar 
is that unoccupied space which corresponds to the angle of the lips 
where the bit is placed, by which alone Man has been enabled to 
subdue and tame this powerful animal. The stomach is simple and 
moderate, but the intestines are very long, and the czcum enor- 
mous. ‘The mammz are between the thighs. 
E. cabailus, 1.3 Buff. 1V,i. (The Horse.) This noble asso- 
ture, the arts and commerce, is the most important and care- 
fully attended of all the animals he has subdued. It does not 
seem to exist in a wild state at the present time; those places 
excepted, where Horses formerly domesticated have been set at 
liberty, as in Tartary and America, where they live in troops, 
each of which is led and defended by an old male. The young 
(1) Dr Roulin has lately discovered in the Cordilleras a new species of Tapir, » 
black, and covered with hair; the bones of its nose are more elongated, which 
somewhat approximates it to the Palzotherium. x 
M. Schleyermacher has obtained a lower jaw bone of the great fossil animal that 
was supposed to be a gigantic Tapir. It turns out that it is possessed of enormous 
canini which must have projected from the mouth ; consequently, it must form a 
separate genus. Its size may have been greater than that of the Hippopotamus 
by one half. 
Hig 
ciate of Man, in the chase, in war, and in the works of agricul-— 
