RUMINANTIA. 189 
of Europe, and nearly of the same colour, but the disk of the 
crupper broader and paler ; the antlers equally round, but more 
developed, and without a palm. Inhabits all the temperate 
parts of North America. 
C. virginianus, Gm.; Schreb. CCXLVII, H. (The Virginia 
Deer.) Less than the Fallow Deer of Europe, and of a more 
graceful figure ; the muzzle more pointed ; of a light fawn colour 
in summer, reddish-grey in winter ; the under part of the throat 
and tail white at all times; inferior third of the tail black with 
a white tip. The horns of the male, shorter than in the Eu- 
ropean species, are round, smooth, whitish, and bend outwards, 
forming an arc of a circle inwards and forwards ; the tines are 
inserted into their posterior face, that at the base excepted; 
they sometimes amount to five or six.(1) 
The species inhabiting warm climates do not change their 
colour. There are several of these in South America, of which 
we have as yet no complete account, nor sufficiently compara- 
tive characters. Suchare. 
C. paludosus, Desm.; Gauzou-Poucou, or Great Red Stag, Azz. 
It appears to have straighter horns than the preceding ; skin of 
a bright bay, with a black stripe on the forehead, and black 
rings round the point of the feet. It prefers marshy grounds. 
C. campestris, Fr. Cuv.; Guazouti, Azz. Antlers short and 
straight, with tines front and back, which become numerous 
(Oss. Foss. IV, pl. iii, f. 46—48); fawn coloured ; belly, inner 
sides of the thighs, buttocks and tip of the tail, white.(2) 
There are also several in the East Indies. 
C. axis, L.; Buff. X1, xxxviii, xxxix. (The Indian Stag or Axis.) 
Fawn coloured at all times, spotted with pure white ; under part 
of the throat and that of the tail white; tail fawn coloured, 
edged above with white; round antlers, which become very 
large with age, but which never have more than one tine 
near the base, and the point forked. Originally from Bengal, 
but propagating easily in Europe. It was known to the Romans. 
Several other Stags with two tines like the Axis are found in 
India, which have been distinguished but lately. There is one 
of them, 
C. Aristotelis, Cuv., which has long hairs on the neck and 
(1) See my Oss. Foss. IV, pl. v, f. 1—17. The Cervus mexicanus, Penn., and 
Oss. Foss. pl. v, f. 25, may have been a very old Virginia Stag. 
(2) Add Cervus nemoralis, Ham. Smith. [Add also Cerv. macrotis, Say. Am. 
Ed.] 
