198 MAMMALIA. 
Capra, Lin. 
The horns of the Goats are directed upwards and backwards$; the 
chin generally furnished with a long beard, and the chanfrin almost 
always concave. 
C. egragus, Gm.; Cuv. Menag. du Mus. 8vo, IJ, 177. (The 
#gagrus or Wild Goat.) Appears to be the stock of all the 
varieties of our Domestic Goat. It is distinguished by its 
horns, trenchant in front, very large in the male; short, or 
altogether wanting in the female, which is also sometimes the 
case in the two species of Ibex. It lives in herds on the moun- 
tains of Persia, (where it is known by the name of paseng,) and 
perhaps on those of other countries, even in the Alps. The 
oriental bezoar is a concretion found in its intestines. 
The Goats, and our domestic species (Capra hircus, L.) vary 
infinitely in size, colour, and in the length and fineness of the 
hair ; in the size of the horns, and even in their number. The 
Angora Goats in Cappadocia have the longest and most silky 
hair. Those of Thibet are renowned for the admirably fine wool 
which grows among their hair, with which the celebrated 
Cachemires are manufactured. There is a race in upper Egypt 
with short hair, convex chanfrin, and projecting lower jaw, 
which possibly is hybrid. The Goats of Guinea, called Mam- 
brines and Whida, are very small, the horns inclining back- 
wards. All these animals are stout, capricious, and fond of 
wandering ; sensible of their mountain origin, they prefer dry 
and wild places, feeding on coarse grass and shoots of young 
trees. They do much injury to the forests. The Kid only is 
eaten, but their milk is useful in several diseases.. The female 
can produce at seven months; her period of gestation is five, and 
she generally has two kids at a birth. 
C. ibex, L.3 Buff. XII, pl. xiiis Schreb. CCLXXXI. (The 
Ibex.) Large horns, square in front, marked with transverse 
and prominent knots. It inhabits the most elevated sum-— 
mits of the highest ranges of mountains in the whole of the 
eastern continent. 
C. caucasica, Guldenst., Act. Petrop. 1779, Il, pl. xvi, xvii; 
Schr. CCLXXXI, B. (The Caucasian Ibex.) Distinguished 
by its large triangular horns, obtuse, but not square in front, 
and knotty like those of the peabetlin gs The two species ‘mix. 
with the Domestic Goat.(1) 
(1) Add the Bouguetin d’ Ethiopie, F. Cuy. Mammif: —The African Maned Thex 
Tackhaitse, S. Daniels, Afric. Scenery, pl. xxiv. ; 
