234 
AVES. 
pl. 8 and 9; Wils. VII, Iv, 1. (The Common Eagle.) More 
or less brown; the occiput fawn coloured; the superior half of 
the tail white, and the remainder black. The most common 
species in all mountainous countries. 
F. chrysaétos, Enl. 410. (The Ring-Tail Eagle.) Only differs 
from the preceding in its blackish tail, macked, with irregular 
ash coloured bands. We are assured that it is the Common 
Eagle, with its perfect plumage (1) Pig 
F. imperialis, Bechst.; F. mogilnik, Gm.; Aquila » heliaca, 
Savig. Eg. Ois. pl.. xiii; Vieillot, Gal. 9; Naum. pl. 6 and 7. 
Tem. Col. 15 and 152. (The Imperial Eagle.) Still longer 
wings; a large whitish spot on the scapulars; the nostrils trans- 
verse; the tail black; the superior portion undulated with grey. 
The female is fawn coloured, with brown spots. Its port is 
heavier than that of the Common Eagle, and it is a still more 
fearful object to other Birds. It inhabits the high mountains 
of the south of Europe, and is the true subject of the exagger- 
ated tales propagated by the ancients, relating to the power, 
courage, and magnanimity of their Golden Eagle. 
F. nevius, and F. maculatus, Gm.; Naum. pl. 10 and 113 
Aq. melanaétos, Savig. Eg. Ois. pl. 1 and pl. 2, f. 1.. (The 
Spotted Eagle.) A third less than the two others; tarsi more 
slender; plumage brown; tail blackish, with paler bands; pale, 
fawn coloured spots, form a band on the small coverts; one at 
the tips of the large ones which mounts to the scapulars, and 
one at the tips of the secondary quills. The superior part of 
the wing is sprinkled with fawn colour. The old birds become 
all brown. Thisspecies is common in the Apennines, and other 
mountains of the south of Europe; but is rarely seen in the 
north; it attacks the weaker animals only. It has been found 
sufficiently docile to be employed in falconry, but is said to fly 
from and be vanquished by the Sparrowhawk. 
It has been thought proper to place among the Eagles a bird 
of Eastern Europe—Ffalco pennatus, Gm.; Col. 33.3; Briss., 
Suppl. pl. 1, which scarcely resembles them in any thing except 
the plumed tarsi and pointed feathers of the vertex, but which 
is not as large as the Buzzard, and has a beak almost as much 
curved; its plumage is fawn coloured spotted with brown, its 
feet blue. Very rare in France and Germany.(2) 
in pl. 
Enl. 409. Finally, the #. Niger, or Plack-backed Eagle of Brown, is merely. 
a slight difference of age. 
(1) Temm. Man. d’Ornith. I, p. 39. 
(2) A living specimen, however, was taken near Paris in 1898. M. Temm. 
Sar we 
