244 AVES. 
longitudinally spotted with brown 5 the rump white. The Hen 
Harrier—Falco cyaneus and F. albicans,(1) Enl. 450; Naum. xxxix, 
1; cinereous, with black wing quills, is merely the male in its 
second year. This species builds on the ground, keeps con- 
stantly in the fields, flies near the earth, and towards night 
hunts rats, young partridges, &c. 
F’. cineraceus, Montag.; Le Busard Cendré, Naum. 40 ; Vieill. 
Galer. pl. 13... More slender than the Soubuse, and with longer 
wings ; the old male is cinereous; its primary quills, and a 
band on the secondary ones, are black ; both male and female, 
in the second year, are brown above, white beneath, with brown- 
ish streaks on the breast; the whole under part of the young 
bird is red. Its habits are much like those of the preceding 
species. 
F. rufus, L.; La Harpaye; Enl. 470 ; Naum. 37, 1. Brown- 
ish and reddish ; the tail, and primary quills of the wings, cine- 
reous. The Busard du marais—Falco xruginosus, Enl. 424 ; 
Naum. 38, brown, with a light fawn colour on the head and 
breast, is considered as the same bird at a more advanced age; 
but some observers pretend it is a different species. Both of 
‘them keep within reach of water courses, in order to hunt rep- 
tiles.(2) Finally, the 
Serpentarius, Cuv.—GypocEranvs, Illig.(3) © 
The Snake-Eater, or Secretary, is an African bird of prey, 
whose tarsi are’at least double the length of those of the prece- 
ding ones, which caused some naturalists to place it among the 
(1) Itisalso the F. communis, F. albus, Frisch, pl. lxxy, the F. montanus, B, 
the F. griseus, Gm. and even his F. bohemicus. A ee 
N. B. The M. cresserelle of Vieillot has become his genus Ierrnra. 
(2) Add the Acoli, Vaill. Afr.31 (F. acoli, Sh.);—the Tehoug, Id. 32, and: Son- 
nerat, If, 182 (fF. melanoleucos).—F. palustris, Pr. Max. Col. 22.—The Frogeater, 
Vaill. Afr. 28 (F. ranivorus, Sh.).—The Busard roux, Vieill. Amer. pl. ix, which 
this author considers as identical with the F. hudsonius, Edw. 107.—The Busard 
d’hiver, (Circus hyemalis,) Vieill. Amer. 71, which does not appear to be the F. 
hiemalis, Wils. 1V, xxxv, 1.*—The Busard @ crowpion blane (Cire. europogistus,) 
Vieill. Amer. 8.—Probably, also, the /. wliginosus, Edw. 291, belongs to this sub- 
genus, but until the changes of plumage, produced by age, are ascertained, it will 
be very difficult to determine its species. M. Ch. Bonaparte says that the F. uli- 
ginosus is a young female of the cyaneus. 
(S) M. Vieillot has changed these names into OrntorueErzs, Gal. pl. 260. 
* Our author here seems to be in error; the bird figured by Wilson, Vol. 1V, 
pl. xxxv, fig. 1, isthe true Falco hyemalis,Gm. Am. Ed. 
4 
