PASSERINE. 265 
Epouius, Cuv.(1) 
Belongs also to the great series of the Flycatchers; the beak is de- 
pressed and emarginate at the end; its upper ridge is acute; but 
what distinguishes it is, that both mandibles are slightly arcuated 
throughout their length; the nostrils are covered with feathers, and 
there are, besides, long hairs forming mustachios. 
The species are numerous in the countries bordering on the 
Indian Ocean. They are generally of a black hue, have a forked 
tail, and live on insects; some of them, it is said, sing as sweetly 
as the Nightingale.(2) 
Purpatura, Vieill. 
The ridge of the beak arcuated as in Edolius, but the beak itself 
is one half shorter than the head. 
The species known, (PA. flavirostris,) Vieill. Gal. 74; Tem. 
Col. 118; Ph. cristata, Goains. Zool. Ill. pl. 31, is from Brazil. 
The tail is much forked; the plumage is spotted with black and 
yellow; the feathers of the head with red, recalling to our minds 
certain Tyrants and Flycatchers. 
“‘TanaaRa, Lin. 
The Tanagers have a conical beak, triangular at base, slightly arcu- 
ated at its ridge, emarginate near the end; wings and flight short. 
They resemble the Finches in habits, and feed on grain as well as on 
berries and insects. The greater number are remarkable for their 
bright colours. We subdivide them as follows.(3) 
(1) Vieillot has preferred the name of Dicrurvs. 
(2) Species. Lanius forficatus, Gm., Enl. 189, Vaill. Afr. IV, 166 fad Vieill. 
Gal. 141.—Lanius malabaricus, Shaw, Vaill. 1V, 175, Sonnerat, Voy. aux Indes et 
a la Chine, pl. xevii, which is also the Cuculus paradiseus, Briss. 1V, pl. xiv, A. 1. 
—Lanius cerulescens, Gm., Edw. pl. xlvi, Vaill. Afr., LV, 172-—Corvus balicassius, 
Gm., Enl. 603.—The Drongolon, Vaill. 1V, 171.—The Drongo bronzé, Id. 176, and 
bom new species. 
N. B. The Bec-de-fer, Vaill. Afric., 79, Gorn which Iliger has made his genus 
_Sparactes, and which is copied, Vieill. Gal., pl. cxxxi, having been examined by 
Temminck, is found to be a Pogonias, to which, other feet had been added, to-, 
gether with a crest. This was done by a dealer, in joke, to impose upon the late 
M. Raie de Breukelewaerd, a rich Dutch amateur. ; 
(3) For this genus and those of Pipra and Todus, see the work of M. Desmarest 
_and of Pauline de Courcelles, now Madame Knip. 
Vou. I.—2 I 
