PASSERINE. 269 
Some of these birds appear to approach the Shrikes, in habits, 
although there is nothing in the form of their beak which can dis- 
tinguish them from other Thrushes.(1) 
There are no sensible characters by which we can distinguish cer- 
tain African Thrushes, which live in flocks, are extremely clamor- 
ous, feed on insects, and do much mischief in gardens. Several of 
them are remarkable for the brilliant tints of their plumage, which 
is of a browned steel colour,(2) and one of the former, by its cunei- 
form tail, which is one-third longer than the body.(3) 
Add, of species foreign to Europe, with the breast or under part of the body 
spotted; Z' rufus, Gm., Enl. 645, and Vieill. Am. 59;—7" fuscatus, Vieill. Am. 
57, biss—7Z. minor, Gm. or JT. mustelinus, Wils., or Gr. tanneé, or Gr. solitaire, 
Vieill. Am. 62 and 63; 7° interpres, Kuhl., Col. 458. 
With the throat only spotted, at least in the adult, 7’. migratorius, L. Enl. 556; 
Catesb. 29; Vieill. Am. 60, 61;—T! ocrocephalus, Col. 136;—T. plumbeus, Enl. 
560, Vieill. Am. 58;—T’ Falelandiz, T.;—T. olivaceus, Gm.;—the grivron, Vaill. 
Afr. 98;—T. campestris, Pr. Max. 
With the flanks only spotted, Z° punctatus, Sh. Zool. N. Holl. 1, pl. ix, which is 
the genus CrncLosoma, Vig. and Horsf., Lin. Trans. XV, p. 219. 
Of those not spotted underneath, 7. brasiliensis, Lath. ;—T" perspicillatus;—T. 
melanotis, or Reclameur of Vaill. or T. vociferans, Zool. Wl. 179;—T. nxvius, Vieill. 
Am. 66;—T. lividus, or Catbird of Wils. 14, 2 ;—7T"’. citrinus, Tem. Col. 445;—T. 
rubripes, Id. 409;—T. leucogaster, ¥.nl. 648, 1;—T. madagascariensis, Enl. 557, 1;— 
T. australasiez, Sh. Nat. Miscel. 1013;—Malurus frenatus, Tem., Col. 385;—T. 
pectoralis, Enl. 644, 1; T. cinnamomeus, Enl. 560, 2;—T. rufifrons, Enl. 644, 10. 
These last three species have been improperly referred by Buffon to the Ant- 
catchers. ; 
N.B. Turdus aurocapillus, Lath., Enl. 398, 2 and Vieill. Am. 64, (Motac- aurocap., 
L.,) is a true Motacilla, and must be placed with the Fauvets;—7Z'urdus calliope 
(Lath. Syn. Supplement, fig. of the title), should go with the Redbreasts;—Turdus 
eayanus, Enl. 515, is a female Ampelis;—T" guyanensis, En]. 398, fig. 1, is a female 
of the Zunagra dominica, Enl. 156, 2, of which Vieill. has made his Dulus palma- 
rum, Gal. 146. See App. XVI of Am. Ed. 
(1) We have already spoken, while on the Shrikes, of some species usually 
placed among the Thrushes, such as, 7'urdus zeilonus, Enl. 272. It seems we 
might also approximate to it the 7! cafer, Enl. 563, Vaill., 107, which differs very 
little even in colouring fromthe Lanius jocosus, Enl. 508. These two species would 
also take along with them the 7! capensis, Enl. $17, Vaill. 105, and the 7. chrysorr- 
heus, Tem., Vaill. 107. : 
On the other hand, it would be difficult to separate from the zeilonus, the Hausse- 
col noir, Vaill. Afr., 110, and the Cravatte noir, Id. 115. 
(2) Particularly T'urdus auratus, Enl. 540 (Nabirop, Vaill. Afr. 89), and T'ur- 
dus nidens, Enl. 561, (Couigniop, Vaill., 90.) 
Here also come the Oranvert (JT. chrysogaster, Gm.) Enl. 358;—the Sprédo (T: 
bicolor, Gm.), Vaill., Afr., 83, or the Corvus rufipennis, Sh.; and probably the 
Eclatant, Vaill. 85, and the Choucador, 1d. 86, (Corvus splendidus, Sh.) 
(3) Turdus zneus, Enl. 220 ( Vert doré, Vaill., 87). 
