286 AVES. 
Pipra, Lin. 
The Manakins havea compressed beak, higher than it is broad, and 
emarginated; large nasal fosse. Their feet and tail are short; the 
general proportions of their form have long caused them to be 
considered as very similar tothe Titmouse. At their head, butina 
‘separate group, should be placed, 
Rupico.a, Briss. 
The Rock Manakins, or Cocks of the Rock, which are large birds, 
and have a double vertical crest on the head, formed of feathers 
arranged like a fan. The adult males of the two American species, 
Pipra rupicola, Gm. Enl. 39 and 747; Vieill. Gal. 189, and Pip. pe- 
ruviand, Lath. Enl. 745, are of a most splendid orange colour; the 
young of an obscure brown. They live on fruit, scratch the ground 
’ like the common Hen, and construct their nests with pieces of dry 
wood, in the depths of rocky caverns. The female lays two eggs. 
; CatyrromMeEnes, Horsf. 
Only differs from the preceding by the feathers on the head not 
being disposed like a fan; this same character, in a minor degree, 
may be observed in the Pip. peruviana. 
There is a species found in the archipelago of India of the 
most beautiful emerald green—Cal. viridis, Horsf, Jay. which 
is not larger than a Thrush. 
Pripra, Cuy. 
The Manakins proper. are small, and remarkable in general for 
their lively colours.(1) They live in small flocks, in forests, on low 
grounds. ” ‘ 
v 
Euryxtaimus, Horsf. 
Toes similar to those of the Manakins and the Rock Manakins; but 
the beak, as strong as that of the Tyrants, is enormously broad and 
depressed, the base even surpassing the width of the forehead. The 
point is a little hooked, and slightly emarginate on each side; the 
ridge is blunt. 
(1) Pipra militaris, Sh. Nat. Misc., 849 ;—Pipra caudata, Sh. Nat. Misc., 153, 
Spix, 6;—Pipra filicauda, Spix, 8;—Pipra pareola, Enl.j 637, 2, and 303, Q; _ 
superba, Pallas, Sp. I, pl. iii, f. 1;—erythrocephala, Enl. 34, 1 ;—aureola, 34, 3, and 
302 ;—rubrocapilla, Col. 54, 3 or cornuta, Spix, 7, 2;—coronata, Sp. 7, 1, 2 ;—se- 
rena, Enl. 324, 2, and Vieill. Gal. 72 ;—gutturalis, 324, 1 ; leucocapilla, 34, 2 ;—ma- 
nacus, 302, 1 and 303, 1;—strigilata, Pr. Max. Col. 54, 1, 2. %,, 
