PASSERINE. 295 
grey beneath, and having the sides of the head whitish, sur-: 
rounded by black lines, forming a triangle. From mountainous 
districts.(1) 
EF. cirlus, L.; Bruant des hates; Enl. 653; Naum. 102, 3, 4. 
(The Hedge Bunting.) Throat black; sides of the head yel- 
low. Builds in the underwood on the borders of fields.(2) 
E. scheniclus, L.; B. de roseaux; Enl. 247, 2; Naum. 105. 
(The Reed Bunting.) A black calotte on the head; spots of the 
same colour on the breast; back, red. Builds at the foot of a 
bush on the brink of a stream, &c.(3) The largest species in 
France is, . 
EL. miliaria, L.; Le Proyer; Enl. 233; Naum. 101, 1. (The 
Common Bunting.) Brownish-grey, every where spotted with 
a deeper brown. Builds in grass, among grain, &c. The most 
celebrated for the flavour of its flesh is, 
LE. hortulana, L.; Enl. 247, 1; Naum. 103. (The Ortolan.) 
The back, olive-brown; throat yellowish; the inner side of the 
two external feathers of the tail, white. Builds in hedges; is 
very fat and common in autumn.(4) 
E.. melanocephala, Scop.; Naum. 101, 23 Fring. crocea, Vieill., 
Ois. Tab. 27. (The Black-headed Bunting.) Fawn-colour above; 
yellow underneath; black head. Is sometimes seen in the south 
of Europe. Also, 
(1) The Emb. lotharingica, Enl. 511, 1, is the same. 
(2) The Emb. passerina is also referred to it; and perhaps the E’mb. provincialis, 
Enl. 656, 1, and lesbia, Ib. 2, are only accidental varieties of the same. See Roux, 
p. 176 and 178. 
(3) M. Wolf thinks that the Emb. chlorocephala, and the Emb. badensis, should 
be united with it. : 
(4) The Emb. melbensis, Sparm. Mus. Carls., 1, 21, is merely a young Ortolan. 
Notwithstanding all the synonymes we have pointed out, we are still compelled 
to remove from this genus the mb. brwmalis, which is the same bird as the Fringill. 
citrinella, Enl. 658, 2 ;—E. rubra, the same as Fring. erythrocephala, Enl. 665, 1, 
2 ;—all the widows, as I shall hereafter remark ;—Zmb. quadricolor, Enl. 101, 2 ;— 
Emb. cyanopis, Briss. Ii, pl. viii, fig. 4 ;—Emb. caerulea, Jd. Ib. xiv, 2, the same as 
cyanella, Sparm. Carls. Il, 42, 43, which are three cross-beaks ;—Emb. quelea, Enl, 
223, 1;—Emb. capensis, Enl. 158 and 564 ;—Emb. borbonica, Enl. 321, 2 ;—Emb. 
brasiliensis, Ib. 1, which are four Finches ;—Zmb. ciris, Enl. 158, which is a Lin- 
net ;—and, finally, Zmb. oryzivora, Enl. 388, which has the beak of a Linnet, inde- 
pendently of the species I have not been able to examine. But we must certainly 
place in the genus Emberiza, the Emb. gubernator, T., Col. 63, the same as the 
Emb. cristatella, Vieill. Gal. 67 ;—Emb. striolata, Ruppel. Av., pl. 10, a ;—E£mb. 
cxsid, 1d. Ib., 6;—The Tunagra cristatella, graminea, ruficollis, Spix, 53, are also 
Buntings. 
The Empzrrzornes, Tem., Col. 114, appear to be long and taper-tailed (etagé) 
buntings whose beak approaches somewhat to that of the Finches. 
