302 AVES. 
tain forests, builds upon the beech, and eats almonds and all 
sorts of fruits. 
There are two species with smaller beaks in Europe. 
Loxia chloris, L.; Le Verdier; Enl. 672, 2; Naum. 120. (The 
Green Grosbeak). Greenish above; yellowish beneath; external 
edge of the tail, yellow. Inhabits the underwood, &c., and eats 
all sorts of seeds. — 
Fring. petronia, L.; La Soulcie ; Enl. 225; Naum..116, 3, 4. 
(The Ring Finch.), Which is commonly classed with the Finches, 
whose colours it bears; but independently of its great beak, a 
whitish line round the head, and a yellowish spot on the breast, 
afford an evident mark of distinction. (1) 
There are some species that should be distinguished from the 
Grosbeaks. 
Piryrus, Cuv. 
The beak quite as large, slightly compressed, arcuated above, and 
sometimes a salient angle on the middle of the edge of the upper 
jaw.(2) 
Naturalists have long separated from them, 4 
PyRRHULA, 
The Bullfinches, which have a rounded, inflated beak, arched i in 
every direction. There is one in France. ; vy 
Loxia pyrrhula, L.; Enl. 145; Vieill. Gal. 56; Naum. 111. ° 
(The Common Bullfinch.) Cinereous above; red beneath; calotte 
black; reddish grey superseding the red in the female; builds on 
various trees, and among the bushes along the road. It is natu- 
rally a’ sweet songster, is easily tamed, and may be taught to 
speak. There is a race of them known, a third larger.(3) 
Loxta, Briss.(4) 
The Crossbills have a compressed beak, and the two mandibles so 
strongly curved, that their points cross each other, sometimes on 
¥ 
> 
oe 
* 
(1) It is very evident, that the petronia is not less a Grosbeak than the chloris. 
(2) Such are Lox. grossa, Enl. 154;--L. canadanensis, Enl. 152,.2;—L. erytro- 
melas, Lath. I, pl. xlvii, and Vieill. Gal. 59;—Z. portoricensis, Daud. On 4, 
pl. xxix, or Pyrrhula auranticollis, Vieill. Gal. 55. Ps 
(3) Add, Lox. lineola, Enl. 319, 1;—M. minuta, Ib. 2;—L. collaria, Enl. 595, 
3;—L. sibirica, Falk. Voy. Ul, pl. xxviii;—Pyr. cinereola, Tem. Col. HU, 1 P. 
falcirostris, Ib. 2;—P. orthaginea, T. Col. 400;—P. mysia, Vieill., Ois. ch. pl- xlvi, 
and the pl. lix and lx of Spix. [Add. P. frontalis, Bon. I, p. vi, f. 1, 2. Am. Ed.] 
(4) Loawia from rc€os (curve) the name invented for this bird by Conrad Gesner. 
Linneus applied it to the Grosbeaks generally. 
