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PASSERINE. © 303 
one side, sometimes on the other. This singular beak enables them 
to tear out the seeds from under the scales of the pine-cones. 
The European species is very common wherever there are 
evergreen trees; it is, 
Loxia curvirostra, L., Enl. 218. (The Crossbill.) The 
plumage of the young male is of a vivid red, with brown wings; 
that of the adult, and of the female, is greenish above, yellowish 
beneath. Two races of them, also, are known, which differ as 
to size, and even, as it is said, in their notes, and in the form 
of the beak, Low. curvirosira, Naum. 110, and Loz. pytiopsitta- 
cus, Bechst., Naum. 109.(1) 
We cannot remove from the Bullfinches and the Crossbills 
Corytuus, Cuv.(2) 
The point of whose completely arched beak curves over the lower 
mandible. The most known species, 
Lozxia enucleator, L.; Enl. 135, 13 or better, Edw. 123, 1243 
Vieill. Gal. 53; Naum. 112. The Pine Grosbeak inhabits the 
north of both continents, and lives in the same way as the Cross- 
bill. It is red, or reddish, the feathers of the tail and wings 
black edged with white.(3) 
_The north of the globe produces neighbouring species of 
equal beauty as to colour, individuals of which sometimes find 
» their way into Germany.(4) 
& 
Coxius, Gm.(5) 
| The Colies also approximate considerably to the preceding birds. 
Q 
‘Their beak is short, thick, conical, and somewhat compressed, its 
two mandibles being arcuated, but without extending beyond each 
other; the quills of their tail are cuneiform, and very long; their 
thumb, as in Cypselus, is capable of being directed forwards like 
the other toes; their fine and silky féathers are generally cinereous. 
They inhabit Africa and India, climb something in the manner of 
(1) Add Low. leucoptera, Lath. Vieill. Gal. 53, and Wils. Am. Ornith. 
(2) Corythus, Greek name of an unknown bird. Vieillot has changed this 
name into that of SrroprirpHaca. 
(3) Loxia flamingo, (Sparm. Mus. Carl. pl. xvii,) appears to me to be a mere 
albino variety of the enucleator. The Low. psittacea of the Sandwich Islands, Lath. 
Syn. I, pl. xlii, or Psrrractrosrra icterocephala, Temm. Col. 457, appears to 
“differ from Corythus only in a little greater prolongation of the curved point of the 
(4) Lox. erythrina, Pall. or Pringilla flammea, L., Naum. 113, 1, 2;—Lox. rosea, 
Pall. Naum. 113, 3;—F'r. purpurea, Wils. I, vii, 4 ? 
(5) Kodzses, the Greek name of a small species of Crow. 
