s * = 
* 
326 3 AVES. 
. é 
The tarsus also is higher, and the tail not so short. They feed on 
“flies and build on the ground.(1) 
We ‘terminate the history of this order with the most singular 
of its genera, a Spe which has not as much resemblance to the 
other Sy dactyla as they have to each other, and one which may very 
properly be ge to form a particular family. It is the 
° oo @ Buewkos, Lin. 
The Hornbills are large birds of Africa and India, whose enormous 
dentated beak is studded with excrescences which sometimes equal 
in size the beak itself, and which are always of considerable ‘ex- 
tent above. This renders them 4 very remarkable, and allies them 
to the Toucans, while, at the | same time, their carriage and habits 
approximate them to the e Crows, fe their feet to the Bee-eaters 
and the Kingfishers. The shape. of these excrescences on the beak 
varies with age, and in the very young bird they are not even visi- 
ble; the interior is generally cellular, The sternum is slightly emar- 
ginated behind, on both sides. The tongue is small and a at 
the bottom of the throat; they live on all sorts of food, eat soft fruits, © 
hunt mice, small ae reptiles, and do not even despise carrion.(2), 
2 ta” , ¥ Wy 4 i 
Pete! hs a 
(1) Zodus viridis, Enl. 585, 1 and oh and Vieill. Gal aot Po oat 
783, 1. 3 . 
Authors have very improperly placed among the Todies, true eee, with 
an emarginated beak and the external toe free, such as the Todus regius, Enl. 
289;—paradiseeus, Ib., 234; ;—leucocephalus, Pall. Spic., VI, iii, 2;—the two Pra- 
ryrutncr of Desmarets, which are the 7'od. rostratus and nasutus of Shaw, or T'od. 
platyrhynchos and macrorhynchos, Gm. Vieill., gives the fete Ge 126. 
(2) Horneitts wiru Excrescences. Buc. rhinoceros, Enl. 954, Vaill. Callaosy 
1 and 2; B. africanus, Vaill., pl. 17, f. 2, may be a mere variety from age; niger, 
Vaill., 13, according to Tem. is a badly preserved specimen of the same;—mono- 
ceros, Sh. Enl. 873; Vaill. 9, 10, 11, 12;—cassidix, Temm. Col. 210;—malabaricus, 
Lath. VI, ii, or albirostris, Sh.; Vaill. Col. 14;—0uccinator, T. Col. 284;—gingiants, 
Sonn. Voy. I, pl. cxxi; Vaill., 15; ;—bicornis, Vaill.v7, the adult female; cavatus, 
“Id. 4; is the male at a middle age. ~The pl. 3 and 5 are altered specimens of the 
same.—B. hydrocorax, F.nl. 282; the. young bird; Col. 283, the adult;—violaceus, 
Id. 19;—abyssinicus, Enl. 779, the middle age; Vaill. Afr. 250, 231, the adult; 
Vieill. Gal. 191;—sulceatus, T. Col. 69;—panayensis, Enl. 780, the female, and 781 
the old male; Vaill. Col. 16, 17, 18; manillensis, Enl. 891, should be ‘the young’ 
bird;— —fasciatus, Vaill. Afr. 233;—exaratus, T. Col. 211. a 
-Hornsiiis witsour Excrescences. B. javanicus, Vaill. Cal. 22, the Oe 
male; Afr. 239, the old male, same as the Cul. de Waidjiou, Labill. Voy., B. undu- 
latus, Vaill. Cal. 20 and 21, are females of the same; B. erythrorhynchos, En. 260; 
Vaill. Afr. 238, the young one;—/ustatus, Cuv.! Enl. 890, Vaill. 236, 237;—core- 
ee Vaill. Afr. 204; 235;—bengalensis, Cal. 23. ‘ ‘ 1s 4 
