338 AVES. 
but little extent; their tail is tolerably long. They build in the hol- 
lows of trees. 
Tue Tovcans, properly so called, 
Have a beak larger than their head; they are generally black, with 
lively colours on the throat, breast, and rump. These parts of their 
plumage were employed, formerly, in a kind of embroidery.(1) 
PTEROGLOssUS, Illig—Aracart, Buff. 
The beak not so thick as the head, and invested with a more 
solid horn; their size is less, and the ground of their plumage green 
with some red or yellow on the throat and breast.(2) 
Psirracus, Lin. 
The ee have a stout, hard, solid | beak, rounded on all sides 
and enveloped at base by a membrane in which the nostrils are 
pierced, and a thick fleshy and rounded tongue; two circumstances 
which give them the greatest facility in imitating the human voice. 
Their inferior larynx, which is complicated and furnished on each 
side with its three muscles, also contributes to this facility. Their 
vigorous jaws are set in motion bya greater number of muscles than 
is found in other birds. Their intestines are very long, and they 
have nocecum. ‘They feed on all sorts of fruit, climb among the 
branches of trees by the aid of their beak and claws, and build in 
hollow trees. Their voice is naturally harsh and disagreeable and 
they are almost universally ornamented with the brightest urs, 
hardly any of them being found beyond the torrid zone. They exist» 
however in both continents, the species of course differing in.each. 
_ Every large island even has its peculiar species, the short wings of 
these birds not allowing them to cross any great extent of water 
The Parrots, consequently, are very numerous: they are subdivided 
by the forms of their tails and some other characters, . 
(1) Ramphastos toco, Enl. 82, Vaill. 2;—carinatus, Wagler, Edw. 329;—tucanus, 
Enl. 307;—piscivorus, L. or Callorhynchus, Wagler, Edw., 64;—mazimus, Nob., 
Vaill. Toue. pl. vi;—pectoralis, Sh. or Tucai, Lich. Enl. 269;—Aldrovandi, Sh., 
Alb., Il, 25;—erythrorhynchos, Sh., Enl. 262, Vaill. 3;—Valiantii, Wagler, Vaill. 
4;—Tocard, Id. Vaill. 9;—vitellinws, Id, Vaill. 17, Swains. Zool. Il. 56;—dicolorus, 
Wagler, or chlororhynchos, Temm. Vaill. 8. 
(2) Ramph. viridis, Enl. 727, 728, Vaill. 16, 17;—aracari, Enl. 166, Vaill: 10,5, 
11, Vieill. Galer. 30;—piperivorus, L. or Culik, Wagler, Enl:. 577, 729; Vall. 13, % 
and 14;—Pterogl. sulcatus, Swains. Zool. Hl. 44, Col. '$56;—picatus, Albin. I, - 
25;—Jdzzarex, Vaill. Suppl. A;—inscriptus, Swains. Zool. Ill. 90;—bailloni, Vaill 
18;—macalirostris, Vaill. 15, and Suppl. AA. 
