GALLINACE. 361 
but the same thin and flexible beak. Four wild species are found in 
Europe. 
Col. palumbus, L.; Le Ramier, Enl. 316. (The Cushat.) Is 
the largest, and inhabits the forests, preferring those of Pines, 
&c. It is ash-coloured, more or less blue; breast of a vinous 
red, and is distinguished by white spots on the sides of the 
neck and on the wing. 
Col. enas, L.; Le Colombin; Frisch, 139. (The Stock Dove.) 
A slate-grey, the breast vinous; sides of the neck a changeable 
green; somewhat smaller than the preceding, but has similar 
habits. : 
Col. livia, Briss.; Biset or Pigeon de roche; Enl. 510. (The 
Rock Dove). Slate-greys circumference of the neck a changea- 
ble green; a double black bandon the wing; rump, white. This 
species is the parent stock of our Common Pigeon, and most 
probably of all our innumerable domestic races, in whose pro- 
duction the mixture of some neighbouring species may also have 
had some influence. 
Col. turtur, L.; Tourterelle; Enl. 394. (The Turtle Dove.) A 
fawn coloured mantle spotted with brown; neck bluish, with a 
spot on each side speckled with white and black. The smallest 
of the wild, European species. It inhabits the woods. 
Col. risoria, L.3; Rieuse; Enl. 244; Frisch, 44; Tem. 44. (The 
Ring Dove.) Appears to be originally from Africa. It is of a 
flaxen colour, paler beneath; a black collar round the neck.(1) 
mined: Columba cyanocephala, Enl. 174, Vaill., 281; Tem. 3;—Col. montana, 
Edw. 119; Tem. 4;—Col. martinica, Enl. 141, 162; Vaill. 282; Tem. 5 and 6;— 
Col. erythrothorax, Tem. 7;—Col. cruenta, Sonn. 20, 21; Tem. 8 and 9;—Col. ja- 
maicensis, Tem. 10;—Col. talpacoti, Tem. 12;—Col. passerina, Enl. 243, 2, Ca- 
tesby, 26;—Col. minuta, Enl. 243, 1;—Col. hottentotta, Tem., Vaill. 283 ;—Col. 
cobocola, and. Col. griseola, Spix, LXXV, 2. 
N.B. The C. passerina and squamosa form the genus Caammreria of Swain- 
son; the C. cinerea, T., the genus Prrisrera, and the C. migratoria, the genus 
EororistTEs. 
_ (1) Other Columbe with a square or round tail, Col. spadicea, Tem. 1;—Col. 
aned, Enl. 164, Tem. 3 and 4; Voy de Freycin., 29, of which, according to Tem- 
minck, Col. pacifica is the male;—the Col. océanique, Less. and Garn. Voy. de Du- 
perre, isa neighbouring species;—Col. arcuatriz, Vaill. Afr.; Tem. 5;—C. armillaris, 
Tem. 6;—C. littoralis, Sonn: 103; Tem. 17;—C. chalcoptera, ‘Tem. 8;—C. cristata, 
Tem. 9;—C. caribexa, Tem. 10;—C. lewcocephala, Catesb. 65; ‘Tem. 13;—C. speciosa, 
Enl. 213; Tem. 14;—C. corensis, Tem. 15;—C. guinea, Edw. 75; Vaill. Afr. 265; 
Tem. 16;—C. madagascariensis, Enl. 11; Vaill. Afr. 266; Tem. 17;—C. gymnoph- 
talmos, Tem. 18;—C. Franciz, Sonner. 101; Tem. 19;—€. rubri-capilla, Sonner. 
57; Tem. 20;—C. elegans, Tem. 22;—C. cincta, Tem. 23;—C. rufina, Tem. 24;— 
C. leucoptera, Edw. 76; Tem. 25;—C. javanica, Enl.177; Tem. 26; Sonner. 66;— 
Vou. I.—2 V 
