PALMIPEDES. 417 
end of the upper mandible hooked, and that of the Iower one truncat- 
ed; the tongue is very small, and the skin of the throat less dilatable; 
the nostrils resemble a’small unpierced line, and the nail of the mid- 
dle toe is notched like a saw. 
The Trur Cormorants have a round tail composed of fourteen 
quills. 
Pel. carbo, L., Enl. 927; the young, Frisch, 187 and 188; and: 
Brit. Zool. pl. L, 1. (The Cormorant.) Black-brown, undulated 
with jet black on the back, and mixed with white near the end 
of the bill and front of the neck; circumference of the throat 
and the cheeks, white, in the male, which also has a tuft on the 
occiput. Its size is that of the Goose. It breeds in holes among 
the rocks or upon trees, and lays three or four eggs. 
Pel. graculus, Gm.; Enl. 974, the young. (The Little Cor- 
morant.) Is somewhat smaller, of a deeper black and more 
bronzed; no white on the front of the neck; the feathers on the 
back more pointed; not so common as the preceding species.(1) 
Tacuyretes, Vieill. 
The Frigate Birds differ from the Cormorants in their forked tail 
and short feet, the membranes of which are deeply emarginated; in 
an excessive length of wing, and in a bill both of whose mandibles 
are curved at the point. So powerful are their wings, that they fly 
to an immense distance from all land, principally between the tro- 
pics, darting upon the Flying Fish and striking the Boobies to make 
them disgorge their prey. 
_ One species only is well known, the Pelecanus aquilus, L., Enl. 
961, Vieill., Gal., pl. 274, whose plumage is black, the under part 
of the throat and neck more or less varied with white, and the 
bill red. Its wings, when expanded, are said to measure from 
ten to twelve feet.(2) 
Sura, Briss.—Dysporus, Illig. 
The Boobies(3) have a straight, slightly compressed, pointed 
bill, the point slightly arcuated; its edges are serrated, the teeth 
pginc te Sanne, eRe ee 
(1) Add the Cormoran longup., Tem. (Pel. eristatus, Olafs.), Voy. en Isl., tr. 
fr. pl. xliv, Col. 322, and Vieill. Gal. 276;—Pel. africanus, Lath.; Sparm. Mus. 
Carls., 1, 10;—Pelec. pyemexus, Pall., Voy, App-, pl. 1. 
(2) Naturalists have, somewhat gratuitously, raised to the rank of species the 
Pelec. minor, Edw. 309, and leucocephalus, Buff. Ois., VII, pl. xxx, and perhaps 
even the P. Palmerstoni, Lath. 
(3) Sula is the name of the common species at the Feroe Islands, Hoyer, Clu- 
sius, Exot. 36. Booby, their English name, from their stupidity, ut sup. 
Vou. L—s C 
