TRACHEARI^. 213 



origin of the two posterior legs, at least in several — Phalan- 

 gium — are two stigmata, one on each side, but hidden by their 

 hips. 



Most of them live on the ground, at the foot of trees, and 

 on plants, and are very active; others conceal themselves 

 under stones and in moss. Their sexual organs are internal, 

 and placed under the mouth. 



Phalangium, Lin., Fab. 



The chelicerse projecting, much shorter than the body; eyes placed 

 on a common tubercle. 



Their legs are very long and slender, and when detached from the 

 body show signs of irritability for a few moments. The two sexes 

 in coitu are placed opposite to each other; this occurs at the latter 

 end of summer. The penis of the male is formed like a dart, and 

 has a demi-sagittal termination. The female has a filiform, flexible, 

 annulated and membranous oviduct. The tracheae are tubular. 



Ph. cornutiim, L., the male; Opilio, Id., the femalej Kerbst., 

 Monog. Phal., I, 3, the male; lb., 1, the female. Body oval, 

 reddish or cinereous above; black beneath; palpi long; two 

 ranges of small spines on the ocular tubercles, and spines on 

 the thighs; corneous chelicerae in the males; a blackish band 

 with a festooned margin on the back of the female(l). 

 A celebrated English entomologist, M. Kirby, under the name of 

 GoNOLEPTEs, has formed a particular genus of the species with spi- 

 nous palpi, the two last joints of which are nearly equal, sub-oval, 

 and terminated by a stout nail, and in which the hips of the two 

 posterior legs are very large, soldered, and form a plate under the 

 body. These legs are separated from the others and placed be- 

 hind(2). In Phalangium properly so called, the palpi are filiform, 

 spineless, and terminated by a joint much longer than the preceding 

 one, with a little terminal hook. All the legs are approximated, 

 with similar coxje contiguous at their origin. Such are all the 

 species indigenous to Europe. 



live proportions differ very gradually, so that these distinctions of parts are less 

 apparent. 



(1) See the Monograph of this genus, published by Latrellle at the end of the 

 Histoire des Fourmis, and those of Herbst., and Hermann, Jan., Mem. Apter. 



(2) Gonolepfes hnrridun, Lin. Trans., XII, xxii, 16; from Brazil. 



